Arctic Geography
This ocean lies at the center of the polar map.
What is the Arctic Ocean?
This is the Iñupiaq term for young ice.
What is Sikuliuq?
This property is mass per unit volume.
What is density?
These bonds help hold water molecules in ice’s open structure.
What are hydrogen bonds?
Ice floats because it is less dense than water—not because it must contain this.
What is air?
This sea lies between Alaska and Russia.
What is the Bering Sea?
This opening in the ice is called an open lead; give its Iñupiaq term.
What is Uniiq?
Compared with the fluid around it, an object with lower density will do this.
What is float?
As water freezes, its molecules arrange into a more open pattern, causing its volume to do this.
What is increase?
This statement is false: “Heavier objects always sink.” The property that determines floating or sinking is this.
What is density?
This large island is labeled between the Arctic and Atlantic regions and is marked with an ice sheet.
What is Greenland?
This raised feature forms where ice is forced together; its Iñupiaq term is Ivuniq.
What is a pressure ridge?
An object denser than the fluid around it will do this.
What is sink?
Because ice is less dense than liquid water, it does this on water’s surface.
What is float?
This statement is false: “Cold water is always denser than warm water.” Water reaches maximum density at this temperature.
What is 4 degrees Celcius?
This strait connects the Arctic region with the Greenland Sea and is labeled near Greenland.
What is Fram Strait?
This Iñupiaq term names a tide crack.
What is Quppaq?
This is the approximate density of ice, in grams per cubic centimeter.
What is 0.92 g/cm³?
As water cools, it becomes denser until it reaches this temperature.
What is 4 degree Celcius?
Water is one of the few substances that challenges this misconception about solids and liquids.
What is “all solids are denser than liquids”?
Name the two bays labeled on the map, one between Greenland and Canada and one in northeastern Canada.
What are Baffin Bay and Hudson Bay?
Give the Iñupiaq term for a grounded pressure ridge, a ridge anchored to the seafloor.
What is Kisitchat?
At 4^circC, liquid water has an approximate density of this, in grams per cubic centimeter.
What is 1.00 g/cm³?
This pattern explains why lakes and ponds freeze from the top down: water is densest at 4^circC, while colder water near the surface becomes less dense and can freeze.
What is water’s unusual density behavior?
Floating ice can help aquatic life survive winter because it forms a protective layer and does this to the water below.
What is insulate it?