Determinants of Health
This determinant refers to money, income and resources that people have access to
Socioeconomic Determinant of Health
True or False: Alcohol is a depressant.
True
What does the Ottawa Charter aim to achieve?
enable, mediate and advocate people to take control of their health and improve health outcomes
What does the “R” in RE-AIM stand for?
Reach
What is a data trend?
A pattern showing change over time (increase, decrease, stability).
Give one example of how the social determinant of health can influence alcohol consumption
Friends who drink regularly may normalise binge drinking, increasing likelihood an adolescent will join in.
Name two short-term risks associated with binge drinking.
Impaired judgment, injury, alcohol poisoning, risky sexual behaviour.
List two action areas of Ottawa Charter
Build healthy public policy, Create supportive environments, Strengthen community action, Develop personal skills, Reorient health services.
Which part of RE-AIM looks at how well a program was carried out?
Implementation
Between 2018 and 2021, alcohol-related hospitalisations in Queensland rose each year. What is the overall data trend, and what does it suggest about alcohol use in this period?
The trend is an increase, suggesting alcohol-related harm is becoming more common and may indicate rising risky drinking behaviours.
Explain how education can be both a barrier and an enabler to health.
Education enables health by increasing knowledge of risks
Barrier when low education (lack of) limits health literacy and decision-making
Explain how alcohol consumption can impact adolescent brain development.
Alcohol damages the developing prefrontal cortex, impairing memory, decision-making, and impulse control.
Explain how “Strengthening community action” applies to a school health program.
Student-led campaigns empower youth voices and strengthen school community action.
Apply RE-AIM to evaluate a “Sober Saturday” campaign.
Reach = how many students attend; Effectiveness = reduced risky drinking; Adoption = schools using it; Implementation = quality of delivery; Maintenance = ongoing continuation.
Explain why using a 3-year data set is more valid than a single year.
Shows consistency, reduces impact of anomalies, more reliable.
Compare the impact of cultural factors on adolescent risk behaviours in two different groups
Some cultures normalise alcohol at celebrations (higher risk); others discourage/prohibit alcohol (protective factor).
Analyse how peer pressure contributes to risky drinking behaviours.
Peer pressure normalises heavy drinking, creates fear of exclusion, and encourages risky behaviours.
Analyse how the Ottawa Charter could be used to address underage drinking.
Supportive environments (alcohol-free events) + developing personal skills (alcohol education workshops).
Analyse why “Maintenance” can be difficult in school-based action strategies.
Students may change behaviour in school, but struggle to maintain it after graduation without broader support.
Analyse this statement: “Males aged 18–24 are more likely to binge drink than females.”
Shows gender differences in risk-taking; must consider data reliability and influencing factors.
Evaluate how multiple determinants interact to influence adolescent health outcomes.
E.g., low income + poor housing + lack of education may increase risky behaviours, while strong family support + school programs reduce risks.
Evaluate an action strategy schools could use to reduce risky alcohol consumption in adolescents.
Peer mentoring can reduce risky drinking by modelling healthy behaviour, but effectiveness depends on student engagement and consistency.
Evaluate the effectiveness of using the Ottawa Charter versus another health promotion model for adolescents.
Ottawa Charter is broad/flexible for grassroots programs, while RE-AIM is better for measuring effectiveness. Both can complement each other.
Evaluate a community-based alcohol campaign using all 5 RE-AIM dimensions.
Strong reach and effectiveness, but adoption may vary; implementation depends on resources; maintenance requires long-term funding and cultural change.
Evaluate how valid and reliable data sources support the health inquiry process.
Valid = accurate, credible sources; Reliable = consistent/repeatable. Together, they strengthen conclusions and recommendations.