Rocks I
How are Igneous rocks formed?
Cooling of lava/magma
Intense heat and pressure
Name two forms of weathering and two forms of erosion
Weathering = rain, waves, wind, glaciers
Erosion = wind, gravity, water, animals
What is the difference between lava and magma?
Lava = reached the Earth's surface
Magma = Below Earth's surface
Where would most igneous rocks be found/close to?
Volcanoes
What were the very first rocks?
Igneous rocks
What is sediment?
Weathered parts of rock
The process where sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rocks are constantly changing between each other.
Rock cycle
Where are Intrusive and Extrusive igneous rocks formed?
Intrusive = formed below the Earth's surface
Extrusive = formed above the Earth's surface
Contact metamorphic rocks are created by...
When lava/magma come into touch with rocks
Define weathering and erosion?
Weathering = big rocks broken into smaller rocks
Erosion = weathered rocks being transported
What are the four properties geologists use to identify rocks/minerals?
Lustre, Hardness, colour, colour streak
How would a metamorphic, sedimentary or igneous rock be formed into a metamorphic?
Through heat and pressure
Regional metamorphic rocks are formed by...
When regions of the Earth are changed by intense pressure (earthquakes)
What are the four steps in forming a sedimentary rocks
Step 1: weathering
Step 2: erosion
Step 3: sedimentation
Step 4: lithification
Define both trace and body fossils
Trace = fossils that preserve animal's behaviour
Body = preserved remains of animals
Why do intrusive igneous rocks have bigger crystals than extrusive igneous rocks?
What is a foliated and non - foliated metamorphic rock?
Foliated = metamorphic rock with bands or layers
non - foliated = metamorphic rocks with no bands or layers
Name two examples of sedimentary rock
Breccia, conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, limestones
What are the four layers of the Earth?
Inner core, upper core, mantle, crust