States of Matter
Kinetic Energy is the energy of.....?
Energy of Movement
What is the first step of the Scientific Method?
Asking a question or identifying a problem..
What is a pure substance? and what are the two types of pure substances
A material made of only one kind of particle. Elements and Compounds
What is a mixture?
A combination of two or more substances that are physically combined and can be separated.
Which type of mixture has parts that are easily seen and separated?
A Heterogeneous mixture
Which state of matter has a definite shape and volume?
Solid.
What is a Hypothesis?
A testable prediction or educated guess about what will happen in an experiment
Is oxygen (O) an element or a compound?
An element
Which type of mixture has parts that are easily seen and separated?
A heterogeneous mixture.
Which of the following is a compound?
a) Fe
b) H
c) CO₂
d) O₂
c.) CO2
What will happen to the shape and volume of a gas if you put it into a larger container?
The gas will expand to fill the new container, changing both its shape and volume.
What is a Control Group? and why do scientists use it?
the group that has no manipulation. to compare results and see if the independent variable made a difference.
How is an element different from a compound?
An element is made of only one kind of atom.
A compound is made of two or more different elements chemically combined.
You pour cereal into milk. Is this a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture, and why?
Heterogeneous, because you can see and separate the cereal and milk.
A student stirs sugar into tea until it fully dissolves. Can this mixture be separated? If so, how?
Yes, by evaporating the water, the sugar can be recovered.
What happens to the movement of particles when a solid turns into a liquid?
The particles gain energy, move faster, and begin to slide past each other, allowing the substance to flow.
During an experiment, what is the variable that you purposely change called?
The independent variable
Why is air not a pure substance?
Air is a mixture of different gases (like nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide) that are not chemically combined.
What is one method you could use to separate a heterogeneous mixture like sand and iron filings?
use a magnet to separate the iron fillings.
Why is it important to repeat an experiment multiple times?
To make sure the results are accurate, reliable, and not due to chance
If you place the same substance in all three states into different containers, how would the shape and volume of the substance compare in each state?
In the solid state, the substance keeps both its shape and volume no matter the container.
In the liquid state, it keeps its volume but takes the shape of the container’s bottom.
In the gas state, it changes both shape and volume to completely fill the container.
A student uses different amounts of sunlight to test plant growth. What is the Dependent variable?
The growth of the plant.
Why is salt (NaCl) considered a pure substance, even though it's made of two elements?
Because the elements are chemically combined in a fixed ratio, forming a compound with consistent properties.
Why do the substances in a homogeneous mixture look like one substance, even though they are mixed?
Because the particles are evenly spread out and mixed at the molecular level.
A student heats a block of ice until it turns into water, then steam. How did the structure and movement of the particles change at each step?
As ice (solid), particles are tightly packed and vibrate.
As water (liquid), particles are close but can slide past each other.
As steam (gas), particles move quickly and are spread far apart.
Each change involved adding energy and increasing particle movement.