Rocks
A solid, inorganic object that contains one or more minerals
Rocks
Robby used a ceramic plate to see what color a mineral was when he scratched it across it. What did he test?
Streak
Name the layers in order from inside to outside
Inner core, Outer core, Mantle, Crust
Theory proposed by a German scientist named Alfred Wegener that describes how the continents used to be one giant supercontinent but have since shifted to the places they are now over millions of years.
Theory of Continental Drift
The supercontinent that existed hundreds of millions of years ago
Pangaea
This type of rock forms when lava or magma cool
Igneous rock
Name 5 properties of a mineral
Hardness, Luster, Streak, Cleavage, Fracture
The thinnest layer of Earth
Crust
Event caused by underwater earthquakes
Tsunami
Fossils found in lower layers of the Earth are said to be
Older/ existed earlier
Rock that is formed from extreme heat and pressure
Metamorphic rock
When minerals break along specific planes
Cleavage
The thickest layer of Earth (has two sub-layers: Lithosphere and Asthenosphere)
Mantle
Geological phenomenon that occurs when an oceanic plate subducts a continental plate
Ocean trenches
A natural disaster that can abruptly change the nature of soil on Earth
Volcanic Eruption
What does it mean to say, "The rock Cycle has no beginning or end"
There's no start or finish. Any rock type can turn into another rock type under the right conditions
A minerals resistance to fractures or scratches
Hardness
This layer is hotter than the surface of the sun and contains the most amount of pressure
Inner Core
The boundary opposite to the plate boundary that causes seafloor spreading
Convergent
If fossils of trees have been found in areas that are now deserts, then what does that say about the history of those areas?
They used to be home to many trees and haven't always been a desert
Name the steps to sedimentary rock formation
Weathering/ Erosion, Transport, Deposition, Compaction/ Cementation
The orderly internal structure or regular pattern is called
Crystal Structure
If the crust is the least dense layer, and the inner core is the most dense, what can you conclude about the density of all of Earth's layers?
Density increases from outermost layer to innermost layer
The Himalayan mountains were formed from this type of plate boundary (include the type of crust)
Continental-continental convergent boundary
If sedimentary rocks found in the Himalayan Mountains have been found with fossils of marine organisms, then what can you assume about the origin of the Himalayas?
The crust that formed the mountains were once covered with an ocean