Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
100
___________ is the distance north or south from the equator while ____________ is the distance east or west from the prime meridian.
Latitude; longitude
100
What were the dates of "Early Astronomy?"
384 BC - 141 AD
100
How many degrees does Earth rotate per hour?
15 degrees
100
The moon is _________ the size of Earth's diameter.
1/4
100
_____________ are bright streaks that extend out in all directions from some craters.
Rays
200
True or False: Let’s say the magnetic declination in the image below is 25 degrees to the East. The true north will then be found by going 50 degrees to the West.
False; it is found by going 25 degrees to the west
200
Who was the first person to almost accurately measure Earth's circumference and explain briefly how he accomplished this.
Eratosthenes thought…if the world was flat, the Sun would be directly overhead everywhere at the same time so there would be no shadows. However, if Earth is round, some things would have shadows where the Sun was directly overhead and others would not. After placing strategic poles around an area, Era discovered that some poles DID cast shadows, and the farther N, the longer the shadow.
200
What is the difference between Earth's perihelion and its aphelion?
Earth's perihelion is when it's closest to the Sun in its orbit, while the aphelion is when Earth is farthest away from the Sun.
200
Identify the following dates:
1. Date Sputnik was launched
2. Date President JFK made his speech
1. October 4, 1957
2. May 25, 1961
200
True or False:
Solar eclipses can only happen during a full moon while lunar eclipses can only happen during a new moon.
False; solar eclipses can only happen during a new moon while lunar eclipses can only happen during a full moon
300
List the 5 major pieces of information found on a map.
1. Title
2. Date
3. Legend
4. Indicator of direction
5. Scale
300
List three things that Galileo invented.
Compass, thermometer, telescope.
300
True or False (Explain why it is false if it is false)
1. Augustus Caesar revised the calendar to add an extra day every 4 years.
2. Pope Gregory XIII revised the calendar to add the extra day onto February.
1. False; Julius Caesar revised the calendar to add an extra day every 4 years
2. False; Augustus Caesar revised the calendar to add the extra day onto February.
300
What were the 3 probe series sent to the moon to gather information about its surface?
Ranger series, Surveyor series, Lunar Orbiter series.
300
Explain why we are only able to see the near side of the moon.
Because the moon's revolution and rotation occur at the same rate, we will only be able to see the near side.
400
Point F is located at _________ degrees ________ latitude and ________ degrees ________ longitude.
60; south; 120; west
400
List the famous astronomers in chronological order.
Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Newton, Einstein
400
True or False:
It takes the Earth 24 hours to complete one rotation, while it takes 1 year for it to complete one revolution. It’s during Earth’s rotation that we get day and night. We use “A.M.” to talk about time “after noon” and we use “P.M.” to talk about time “before noon.”
False; we use A.M. to talk about time "before noon" and P.M. to talk about time "after noon."
400
Explain the difference between the superfine dust theory and the sandy beach theory.
Superfine dust theory: Some scientists reasoned that the reduced gravity on the moon would not attract the tiny dust particles downward with much force, so the surface would be a virtual sea of suspended dust into which a lunar lander might sink and disappear.
Sandy beach theory: Some scientists argued that the dust particles on the moon would be compacted on the surface, making the lunar surface soft, but not treacherous.
400
Explain what happens to the waters during a spring tide and a neap tide.
Spring Tides: High tides are even higher; low tides are even lower
Neap Tides: High tides become lower; low tides become higher
500
True or False (Explain why it is false if it's false)
1. The most common type of conic projection is a Mercator projection.
2. In an azimuthal projection, the plane touches the globe at either the North Pole or the South Pole.
3. In an equal-area projection, the scale remains the same throughout the map; therefore, distances are accurate.
1. False; the most common type of cylindrical projection is a Mercator projection
2. True
3. True
500
List and describe the 3 Laws of Planetary Motion developed by Kepler.
1st Law: (Law of Orbits) all planets move in elliptical (oval) orbits
2nd Law: (Law of Areas) when a planet is closer to the Sun it moves faster
3rd Law: (Law of Periods) put the planets in order based on their distance from the Sun
500
How are time zones set up?
Since the earth rotates at 15 degrees per hour, zones were set up at 15 degree intervals of longitude around the globe. There are 24 total time zones, each with its own name. Most time zones differ by 1 hour, but some differ by 45 minutes depending on location.
500
List the major pieces of evidence for a “sandy beach” lunar surface.
Large and small rocks are apparently lying on the lunar surface
The surface is not uniform, but instead has craters, hills, and other textures
The Surveyor footpads can be seen parked on top of the lunar regolith
The probe arm of Surveyor provided evidence of a compacted, solid lunar surface
500
List the phases of the moon in order beginning with the first lunar phase of the new cycle.
New moon, waxing crescent, waxing half, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, waning half, waning crescent