Medieval Christianity
People who were accused of heresy but did not confess were still considered?
Guilty
Who were the Crusades between?
Muslims and Christians
What was the first degree earned by students attending a university?
bachelor of arts
Heresy
the denial of basic church doctrines
Taille
An annual direct tax usually on land or property
Why did Christians worship and pray to saints?
For guidance and support
Is there still Holy Wars between Muslims and Christians today?
Yes
The Canterbury Tales, what activity are all the storytellers doing together?
They are going on a pilgrimage to a holy site
Infidel
those who do not share a certain religious view
By the end of the First Crusade, the Europeans had managed to
Assume control of the Holy Land
People relied on priests to offer what Holy
Sacraments as a means to receive God's Grace?
Baptism, marriage, and communion
Most of the warriors from the Frist Crusade were from?
France
Vernacular Literature
Common Language (2 most common: Greek and Latin)
Sacrament
Christian right
The most highly regarded field of study during the Middle Ages was?
Theology
What were the two New Religious Orders? One was from Italy and the other from Spain
Dominican and Franciscans
Who comes to power in England and leads the Second Crusade
King Richard the LionHeart
What was the Black Death
Phenomenon characterized by colder temperatures and long period of torrential rains during the early fourteenth century was known as “the little ice age”
Shorter growing seasons caused food shortages
Extreme hunger and starvation
Flea-infested rats on Italian merchant ships brought the bubonic plague from Kaffa, a Black Sea port, to Sicily in the mid-1300s.
Coastal ports were hit particularly hard.
During the plague, people were weak and malnourished due to famine
More than a third of the European population may have been killed over four years.
The cause of the plague was unknown.
Some believed it was punishment by God.
Others considered it to be work of the devil.
Some blamed Jews for poisoning town wells.
Crusade
Military expedition carried out by Christians
The Chanson de Geste form is also known as
Heroic epic
French peasant, who inspired King Charles and the struggling French Army at a critical time?
Joan of Arc
How did the Crusades Start?
Pope Urban II wanted the Muslims out of the Holy Land
The Great Papal Schism
The Great Schism began in 1378, when a group of French cardinals who opposed the election of an Italian pope elected a second pope
King Philip IV of France engineered the election of a French pope
The papacy was moved to Avignon in southern France.
Wanted to be able to collect taxes form the clergy
The Italian pope lived in Rome.
Many people thought the people should live in rome because that was part of a pope’s job to serve as the bishop of Rome
French pope lived in Avignon.
The split papacy divided Europe for nearly 40 years
France and its allies supported the pope in Avignon.
England and its allies supported the pope in Rome.
Theology?
The study of Religion
The conflicts between nobles in England who sought to control the monarchy?
War of the Roses