Ethnicity
Name 2 adverse outcomes when patients with Bipolar Disorder do not take their medication
Worsening symptoms, deteriorating functional status, increased psychiatric admission risks
Do males or females have higher lifetime risk of alcohol use disorder than the males/females in the general population?
Females
When it came to SES and healthcare services, the study in Scotland and Western Europe considered both access to and _______ of care to be important.
Quality
How long does a manic episode need to last to meet criteria for diagnosis?
At least 1 week, present most of the day nearly every day
Is ethnicity considered a major risk factor in terms of suicide attempt and/or suicide?
Ethnicity should not be considered a major risk factor for suicide
Women are much more likely to be initially misdiagnosed with unipolar depression (for 1.9 years longer) than men.
True or False: When controlling for suicide and even when including suicide as a factor, the mortality rate was still higher in the population with SMI.
(Glasgow and Scotland study)
True
What is the mean age of onset for the first episode of BD?
18 years old, but may occur throughout lifetime
What % of patients with Bipolar Disorder attempt suicide in their lifetime?
A. 10%
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 75%
C. 50%
What are 3 anxiety disorders we talked about that are more commonly comorbid in women, but not in men with BD?
Panic Disorder, OCD, and specific phobia(s)
In Sweden and at the age of work, individuals with bipolar disorder were ____% less employed than workers in the general population.
30
Name 3 symptoms of a manic episode.
Grandiosity, Reduced need for sleep, More talkative, Racing thoughts, Distractibility, Increased goal-directed activity, and excessive high- risk pleasurable activities
Name a reason why African Americans are more frequently diagnosed with Schizophrenia than Bipolar Disorder
Biases in assessment, cultural differences, differences in access to mental health resources, exacerbating symptoms to receive help/treatment, SES
Name 2 life events/factors that women experience that men do not, and describe how those events may affect symptom manifestation of BD in women?
Menstrual Cycle/PMS/PMDD; Pregnancy; Postpartum; Perimenopause/Menopause
In _______ areas there is a significantly higher incidence of _______ because it there's a higher incidence of bipolar 1.
deprived; hypomania
Name 5 symptoms of a depressive episode.
Depressed Mood, Anhedonia, Significant unintended weight loss, Insomnia/Hypersomnia, Psychomotor agitation/retardation, Fatigue/loss of energy, Feelings of worthlessness/guilt, Diminished ability to think or concentrate, Recurrent thoughts of death/suicidal ideation/suicide attempt
Name 2 barriers that veterans face when it comes to medication adherence
Low income, Restricted treatment due to cost, Medication copayment, Limited access to mental health resources, Low medication beliefs, Binge drinking, Live alone, Travel distance to treatment, Transportation
Enhanced screening/ daily charting of menstrual cycle/ stabilize hormone levels using contraceptives or mood-stabilizing pharmacology/ make a prevention plan/ Psycho-education/ Coping skills/ CBT/ IPSRT/ FFT/ Social support & exercise
Depressive episodes are associated highly with comorbidity in youth. (True or False, if False provide correct answer)
False; Anxiety (specifically GAD)
What is the difference between a manic episode and a hypomanic? Which occurs during Bipolar I and which occurs during Bipolar II Disorder?
Mania - present for at least 1 week and causes marked functional impairment
Hypomania - present for at least 4 consecutive days, does not cause marked functional impairment
Bipolar I can have both manic and hypomanic episodes. Bipolar II does not have any full-blown manic episode, only hypomanic and depressive episodes.