Renal/liver/pulm
Two Causes of Cirrhosis
What is alcohol, Hep C, Primary Biliary Cirrhosis, NAFLD, NASH, hemachromatosis, Wilson's disease, alpha anti-1 trypsin, autoimmune hepatitis, primary sclerosing Cholangitis
This treatment is more efficient than oxygen even for patients with hypoxia at end of life
what is opioids?
Validated model predicting mortality in CHF
What is Seattle Heart Failure model or MAGGIC?
This demographic pattern together with aging of the population makes the top two trends in MN and US
What is the increase of diverse communities?
Percentage of adult deaths that occur in the hospital.
What is 40%
3 key players in a care conference
what are patient, family, provider, nurse, SW, palliative care?
Recent studies show that smelling this commonly found in clinical settings product may help in the treatment of nausea.
What are isopropyl alcohol swabs?
This pharmacological treatment tends to be underutilized in the symptomatic treatment of end stage heart failure
What are opioids?
Long life journey of curiosity, identifying power imbalances, and quality relationships/partnerships are the tenets of this framework
What is cultural humility?
neurologic clinical finding that occurs in patients with ESLD who have encephalopathy/confusion
what is asterixis?
These are 3 clinical conditions associated with decompensated cirrhosis
what are Variceal bleeding, hepato-renal, encephalopathy, refractory ascites, Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, portal HTN?
This condition develops in a 1/3 of all admissions to the hospital in patients over the age of 70
What is delirium?
This condition is manifested by weight loss and anorexia in advanced heart failure
cardiac cachexia
Racial/ethnic Minorities utilize this form of hospital care more than the general population?
what is ICU care?
This is a helpful question providers can ask themselves to trigger prognostication discussion
Would I be surprised if my patient was alive in one year?
3 symptoms in advanced chronic kidney disease
What are pain, pruritis, anorexia, N/V, anxiety, depression, fatigue, encephalopathy?
This drug class can be helpful for the treatment of dyspnea for patients with large amount of thin respiratory secretions
What are anti-cholinergics (scopolamine, gylcopyrrolate, atropine)?
In heart failure and ESLD lower levels of this chemistry value predict higher mortality
What is sodium?
In this year in MN persons over age 65 will surpass school age children
What is 2020?
Two tools for dealing with dysregulation in famililes
what are 1) respect the dysfunction as a coping structure 2) contain the distress 3) Help them access their coping skills
These components make up the BODE prognostication tool for COPD.
What is BMI, FEV1, Dyspnea scale and Exercise - timed 6 min walking test
Prochlorperazine, haloperidol and olanzapine are indicated for the treatment of N/V by antagonizing this neuro-transmitter that acts on the CRTZ (chemo-receptor trigger zone)
What is Dopamine?
True/False. Systolic heart failure has much higher mortality than diastolic heart failure
What is False? Olmsted County Study NEJM showed similar mortality with possible a slight benefit for diastolic failure with patient's less than age 65. NEJM 2006;355: 251-259
Based on 2006 article, this racial group has a high rate of distrust with medical professional's competence and communication based on concern of experimentation and focus on profit.
What are African Americans?
two discussion points that can be used with families/patients in choosing not to use abx with pneumonia
What are 1. It prolongs life 2. You might make it to the end 3. Least worst death 4. The harms associated with the treatment 5. May provide more comfort not to treat