Enter Title

Social Media

100

What is social media about?

Communication through interaction and sharing

200

How many genres or categories of interactions are there?

8: Content publishing & broadcasting, Discussion forums, Content sharing & social bookmarking, Social networking sites, Joint production, Virtual worlds, Attachment services, Aggregation services

300

Which actions performes on social media?

• Social actions – sharing, messaging, liking, subscribing, inviting
• Crowd actions – similar (re)actions of many persons
• Mindless crowd behaviour – Clicktivism

400

What is social cooperation?

Something becomes ‘social’ when it entails several individuals working together to produce something.

500

What is social presence?

Sociality in terms of the movement of individuals towards communal forms of thinking, and acting. We are ‘composed out of reciprocal relationships to others’, while existing neither as purely ‘natural objects’, nor as mere ‘secretary beings’.

Audience Theory

100

Which context of communication is used?

Mass/media

200

What focus alternative traditions of research on?

Structural-, behavioral- and social-cultural actions

300

Mention one of the different kinds of audience

• Audience as ‘the people assembled’. Essentially the aggregate measured as paying attention to a given media presentation or product at a given time. These are the known ‘spectators’.
• Audience as ‘the people addressed’. Referring to the group of people imagined by the communicator and for whom content is shaped. This is otherwise known as the ‘inscribed’ or ‘interpellated’ audience.
• Audience as ‘happening’. The experience of reception alone or with others as an interactive event in daily life, contextualized by place and other features.
• Audience as ‘hearing’ or ‘audition’. Essentially refers to participatory audience experience, when the audience is embedded in a show or is enabled to participate by remote means or to provide a response at the same time.

400

What are the 4 main factors under the gratification set as an audience?

• Information: Using media for acquiring knowledge to gain a sense of security through lack of ignorance, attaining self-education.
• Diversion: Escape from daily routine and problems, achieving aesthetic enjoyment.
• Personal identity: Achieving better self-understanding, finding reinforcement of individual values, identifying models of behavior.
• Interaction: Substituting media for real life companionship, gaining insight into other people’s circumstances, identifying with others.

500

Mention three out of the six difference sides of relevant concepts of audience reach 

• The available (or potential) audience: all with the basic skills and/or reception capability.
• The paying audience: those who actually pay a media product, whether newspaper, film entrance, video rental, CD or book.
• The attentive audience: those who actually read, watch, listen, etc., to particular content.
• The internal audience: those who pay attention to particular sections, types or single items of content.
• The cumulative audience: the overall proportion of the potential audience that is reached over a particular period of time.
• The target audience: that section of a potential audience singled out for reach by a particular source.

Audience Theory

100

What is the audience issues of public concerns?

• Media is harmful and unhealthy and can lead to addiction and dissociation from reality.
• Diversion from social participation.

200

What is the audience as a group or public?

This is local news – radio or newspaper.

The aim and identities and with the advantage of being able to serve very dispersed groups.

300

What is the medium audience?

Regular readers.

The audience has slide similarities.

The medium could be newspapers, magazines, cinema, radio, television.

400

What is audience as defined by Channel or Content?

There is no hidden dimensions of group relations or consciousness to take account of.

Could be fans in any kind for example fans of a series or band.

500

Mention two out of the five difference meanings and concepts of audience activities

• Selectively. We can describe an audience as active, the more that choice and discrimination are exercised in relation to media and content within media, This is mainly likely to show up in evidence of planning of media use and consistent patterns of choice. Very heavy media (e.g. television) use is likely to be accounted as by definition ‘unselective’ and therefore inactive.
• Utilitarianism. Here the audience is the ‘embodiment of the self-interested consumer’. Media consumption represents the satisfaction of some more or less conscious need, such as those postulated in the ‘uses and gratifications’ approach.
• Intentionality. An active audience, according to this definition, is one which engages in active cognitive processing of incoming information and experience, it is often implied by the various forms of subscription to media.
• Resistance to influence. Following the lines of the ‘obstinate audience’ concept, the activity concept here emphasizes the limits set by members of the audience to unwanted influence or learning. The reader, viewer or listener remains ‘in control’ and unaffected, except as determined by personal choice.
• Involvement. In general, the more an audience member is ‘caught up’ or ‘engrossed’ in the ongoing media experience, the more we can speak of involvement. This can also be called ‘affective arousal’. Involvement may also be indicated by such signs as ‘talking back’ to the television.