People
His discovery of America caused significant globalization and a certain famous exchange.
Columbus
The "gunpowder empire" with an emperor as a ceremonial leader with the real power residing in the shogun. Settled in Edo, damiyos were expected to remain in the shogun's court much like how Louis XIV forced his royal subjects to remain in the Place of Versailles.
Tokugawa
People of mixed races of Portuguese and African
Mulatto
Estates General met during National Assembly
Third Estate decides to convene at the Tennis Court Oaths kickstarting this revolution
French Revolution (pt. 1)
guarantees all French citizens inviolable liberties and all men equal under law
Declaration of the Rights of Men and Citizens
Martin Luther
power from trade and colonization
relied on mercantilism
British Empire
prominent Japanese families who provided allegiance to the local shogun in exchange for protection
Damiyo
Maximilien Robespierre retakes nation and enforces a new regime, erasing symbols from the old reign
executed "enemies" of the people and those that oppose the revolution
French Revolution (pt. 2) - Reign of Terror
world could be explained through natural laws rather than superstition
sun at the center of the universe
scientific method
questions traditional teachings of the church
Scientific Revolution
the "Sun King"
known for his absolutist rule over France
believed in the divine right of kings
Louis XIV
increased commerce
confined European traders to port cities
silver trade with Spain
Ming China
spaniards born in the americas
creole
slave revolt led by Toussaint L'Ouverture and Jean Jacques Dessalines
Haitian Revolution
continued to suffer from internal problems such as border defense, communication, and maintenance of an army - often weaker than sea-based kingdoms
Gunpowder Empires
Muslim, captured as a young boy
military leader
commanded world's largest armada and 7 naval expeditions
Zheng He
under the control of Sulieman the Magnificant, controlling the lands within Europe, Asia, and Africa
used extensive civil service and bureaucracy
multiethnic empire
Ottoman Empire
A business, often backed by a government charter, that sold shares to individuals to raise money for its trading enterprises and to spread the risks (and profits) among many investors.
joint stock company
Overthrow of Robespierre - move towards security and order over social reform
Establishment of three-man consulate that later becomes a dictatorship
sea trade
spread of Christianity
Transoceanic Voyages
Two Treaties of Civil Government
natural rights to liberty and property
rights of people to form a government and disband and reform when government didn't live to contract
John Locke
continuation of Delhi Sultanate
strong military - required high taxes
Muslim authority over Hindus
limited trade
Mughal Empire
Temporary but significant cooling period between 1300- 1800CE accompanied by wide temperature fluctuations, droughts, and storms, causing famines and dislocation.
Little Ice Age
creole military officer
leads series of victories across Ecuador, Venezuela, and Colombia to create the independent state of Gran Colombia
Simon Bolivar and the Latin American revolutions
discovery of coal and iron
wealthy investors willing to invest in internal and international markets
gives rise to booming textile business