Anatomy
Two cone shaped organs suspended in the thoracic cavity responsible for gas exchange.
What are lungs?
Leading cause of cancer death in the United States, and causes more deaths than breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers combined.
What is lung cancer?
"High-pitched, short, popping sounds heard during inspiration and not cleared with coughing; sounds are discontinuous and can be simulated by rolling a strand of hair between your fingers near your ear" (Weber, 2019).
What are fine crackles?
Using your fingers to check for tenderness, warmth, pain, or other sensations.
What is palpation?
"More than 24 breaths/min and shallow"
What is tachypnea?
Slight negative pressure created in the lungs in relation to the atmospheric pressure
What is inspiration?
Lung condition that causes shortness of breath because the alveoli in the lungs are damaged. Also known as a "pink puffer".
What is emphysema?
High-pitched, musical sounds heard primarily during expiration but may also be heard on inspiration.
What is sibilant wheeze?
Asking the client to repeat the letter “E” while you listen over the chest wall.
What is egophony?
Breath sound that is long in inspiration, short in expiration. Heard in the peripheral lung fields.
What is vesicular breath sound?
Constructed of the sternum, 12 pairs of ribs, 12 thoracic vertebrae, muscles, and cartilage. It provides support and protection for many important organs including the lungs.
What is the thoracic cage?
Inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes. Characterized by excessive production of mucus with a cough lasting more than 3 months. Also known as a "blue bloater".
What is chronic bronchitis?
Low-pitched snoring or moaning sounds heard primarily during expiration but may be heard throughout the respiratory cycle. May clear with coughing.
What is sonorous wheeze?
Listen with a stethoscope here a serpentine motion in eight places, one for each breath.
What is posterior auscultation?
"A type of hyperventilation associated with diabetic ketoacidosis"
What is kussmaul respirations?
Organ that is made up of three lobes
What is the Right Lung?
Acute infection of the functional lung tissue that impairs gas exchange. May be caused by various microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi.
What is pneumonia?
Associated with the condition pleurisy.
What is pleural friction rub?
The sound percussed over healthy lung tissue.
What is resonance?
High pitched, harsh, and loud breath sound heard in the trachea and thorax.
What is bronchial breath sound?
A thin, double-layered serous membrane that lines the thoracic cavity.
What is pleura?
Accumulation of fluid in the extravascular spaces of the lungs. May be categorized as cardiogenic, noncardiogenic, neurogenic, and high altitude. When auscultating coarse crackles can be heard.
What is pulmonary edema?
May indicate pneumonia, pulmonary edema, or pulmonary fibrosis. Usually do not change location, and are more common in clients with long-term COPD.
What are coarse crackles?
References
Lippincott advisor. (2019). Retrieved from http://advisor.lww.com
Weber, J. R. Lippincott CoursePoint for Weber's Health Assessment in Nursing. [CoursePoint]. Retrieved from https://coursepoint.vitalsource.com/#/books/978-1-4963-7838-5/
What are references?
"Ineffective Health Maintenance r/t denial of effects of cigarette smoking on current health status"
What is a nursing diagnosis?