Studying Memory
The persistence of learning over time most clearly depends on
A.chunking.
B.shallow processing.
C.visual encoding.
D.memory.
What is memory?
The process of encoding refers to
A.the persistence of learning over time.
B.the recall of information previously learned.
C.getting information into memory.
D.a momentary sensory memory lasting less than a second.
What is "getting information into memory"?
Which neural center in the limbic system helps process explicit memories for storage?
A.hypothalamus
B.basal ganglia
C.cerebellum
D.hippocampus
What is the hippocampus?
An inability to retrieve information learned in the past is called
A.source amnesia.
B.anterograde amnesia.
C.proactive interference.
D.retrograde amnesia.
What is retrograde amnesia?
Compulsive gamblers frequently recall losing less money than is actually the case. Their memory failure best illustrates
A.source amnesia.
B.the misinformation effect.
C.motivated forgetting.
D.anterograde amnesia.
What is motivated forgetting?
When an eyewitness to an auto accident is asked to describe what happened, which measure of memory is being used?
A.recognition
B.rehearsal
C.recall
D.relearning
What is recall
The process of getting information out of memory is called
A. encoding.
B. relearning.
C. retrieval.
D. rehearsal.
What is retrieval?
A good night's sleep is most likely to improve exam grades by supporting the process of
A.priming.
B.encoding specificity.
C.memory consolidation.
D.mood-congruent memory.
What is memory consolidation?
After having brain surgery to stop severe seizures, Henry could recall events he experienced prior to the surgery but was unable to form new conscious memories. Henry's memory difficulty most clearly illustrates
A.retrograde amnesia.
B.proactive interference.
C.anterograde amnesia.
D.retroactive interference.
What is anterograde amnesia?
A type of motivated forgetting in which anxiety-arousing memories are blocked from conscious awareness is known as
A.retroactive interference.
B.proactive interference.
C.repression.
D.déjà vu.
What is repression?
Which measure of memory is used on a test that requires matching glossary terms with their correct definitions?
A.recognition
B.relearning
C.rehearsal
D.recall
What is recognition?
Shelly was able to remember the names of three new class members for only a minute or two after they had been introduced to her. During this entire minute or two their names were stored in her ________ memory.
A.echoic
B.implicit
C.short-term
D.iconic
What is short-term?
A lack of conscious memories of your first three years of life best illustrates
A.priming.
B.long-term potentiation.
C.infantile amnesia.
D.the serial position effect.
What is infantile amnesia?
Because her memory trace has faded, Dr. Jordan remembers much less about the organic chemistry that she once learned well as a medical student. Her memory loss best illustrates
A.storage decay.
B.proactive interference.
C.encoding failure.
D.repression.
What is storage decay?
In the study led by Elizabeth Loftus, two groups of observers were asked how fast two cars had been going in a filmed traffic accident. Observers who heard the vividly descriptive word “smashed” in relation to the accident later recalled
A.broken glass at the scene of the accident.
B.that the drivers of the vehicles were intoxicated.
C.that the drivers of the vehicles were males.
D.the details of the accident with vivid accuracy.
What is "broken glass at the scene of the accident"?
Which measure of memory retention assesses the amount of time saved when learning material again?
A.recognition
B.retrieval
C.relearning
D.recall
What is relearning?
The integration of new incoming information with knowledge retrieved from long-term memory involves the activity of
A.implicit memory.
B.iconic memory.
C.echoic memory.
D.working memory.
What is working memory?
Hearing the word “rabbit” may lead people to spell the spoken word “hair” as “h-a-r-e.” This best illustrates the outcome of a process known as
A.flashbulb memory.
B.the serial position effect.
C.encoding specificity.
D.priming
What is priming?
Arnold so easily remembers his old girlfriend's phone number that he finds it difficult to recall his new girlfriend's number. Arnold's difficulty best illustrates
A.retroactive interference.
B.retrograde amnesia.
C.source amnesia.
D.proactive interference.
What is proactive interference?
Children reported false memories of taking a hot-air balloon ride after viewing digitally altered photos of themselves and other family members involved in such an event. The children's reports best illustrated
A.implicit memory.
B.proactive interference.
C.imagination inflation.
D.retroactive interference.
What is imagination inflation?
Ebbinghaus' use of nonsense syllables to study memory led to the discovery that
A. the amount remembered depends on the time spent learning.
B. working memory's central executive focuses attention.
C. information that is automatically processed is rarely forgotten.
D. our sensory memory capacity is essentially unlimited.
What is "the amount remembered depends on the time spent learning"?
Consciously repeating the name of a new classmate you want to remember illustrates
A.implicit memory.
B.the peg-word system.
C.effortful processing.
D.the self-reference effect.
What is effortful processing?
When 80-year-old Ida looked at one of her old wedding pictures, she was flooded with vivid memories of her parents, her husband, and the early years of her marriage. The picture served as a powerful
A.memory trace.
B.implicit memory.
C.serial position effect.
D.retrieval cue.
What is a retrieval cue?
After learning the combination for his new locker at school, Milton is unable to remember the combination for his year-old bicycle lock. Milton is experiencing the effects of
A.source amnesia.
B.retroactive interference.
C.proactive interference.
D.automatic processing.
What is retroactive interference?
Faulty memory for how, when, or where information was learned is called
A.source amnesia.
B.the misinformation effect.
C.repression.
D.déjà vu.
What is source amnesia?