Memory Strategies
Random
Types of Memory
Random
Types of Processing
100

taking individual pieces of information and grouping them into larger units in order to improve the amount of information you can remember

chunking

100

a mental framework that serves to interpret and organize information

schema 

100

memory of one’s personal experiences (ex. “this one time at band camp”)

episodic memory 

100

the influence of bodily sensations, gestures, and postures on how we encode information and store memories

embodied cognition

100

done actively, or with effort (ex. studying)

effortful processing 

200

techniques for improving memory through acronyms

mnemonic devices

200

psychoanalytic theory; basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts/feelings/memories from consciousness

repression 

200

memory of people/words/events encountered or experienced in the past

retrospective memory 

200

new and improved atkinson/shiffrin; consists of a central executive, which controls and coordinates the operation of 2 subsystems (phonological loop & visuo-spatial sketch pad)

working memory 

200

done passively, or without effort (time/space/frequency)

automatic processing 

300

repetitive review of information, which can involve repeating or verbalizing information to remember it

rehearsal

300

unlimited storehouse of information; includes knowledge, skills, and experiences

long-term memory 

300

remembering to perform a planned action or intention

prospective memory 

300

forgetting even after encoding something we can still forget (memory curve can fade fast then level out)

storage decay

300

conscious processing and unconscious processing going on simultaneously, a “two track mind”

dual-processing theory 

400

learning is greater when studying is spread out over time, as opposed to studying the same amount of time in a single session

spacing effect 

400

the inability to see a new use for an object (an example of a mental set)

functional fixedness 

400

facts/experiences that we are consciously aware of

explicit memory 

400

disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information

retroactive interference 

400

the processing of several aspects of an object simultaneously

parallel processing 

500

mnemonic based on linking items to be remembered with objects in familiar locations

method of loci 

500

incorporating misleading information into one’s memory of an event (ex. when cars hit or when cars smashed into each other)

misinformation effect 

500

retention of memories that happen without being aware (ex. procedural, associations, priming)

implicit memory 

500

disruptive effect of prior knowledge on ability to recall new information

proactive interference 

500

taking sensory information and assembling/integrating it

bottom-up processing 

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