8.1
A virus that infects bacteria
What is Bacteriophage?
Organic compound consisting of sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base; the basic building block of a nucleic chain.
What is a nucleotide?
replication
what is DNA being copied?
Ribonucleic Acid, natural polymer present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein synthesis.
What is RNA?
A codon signaling ribosomes to stop translation.
What is a stop codon?
Discovered DNA
Who is Francis Crick or Friedrich Miescher ?
A model that compares structure of a DNA molecule, 2 strands wind around one another, like a twisted ladder.
What is a double helix?
Theory that states, in cells, information flows from DNA to RNA to proteins.
What is central dogma?
An enzyme that starts (catalyzes) the formation of RNA by using a strand of DNA molecule as a template.
What is RNA polymerase?
Codon that signals ribosomes to start translation.
What is a start codon?
DNA was discovered in the....
What is the 1860s or 1950s?
The amount of nucleotides in DNA.
What is 4?
An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of DNA molecules.
What is DNA polymerase?
Describe messenger RNA.
What if a form of RNA that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where it serves as a template for protein synthesis?
Describe a codon.
What is a 3-nucleotide sequence that codes amino acids or signifies start and stop signals, in DNA and RNA?
base pairing rules
What is A (adenine) with G (guanine) and T (thymine) with C (cytosine)?
Describe transcription.
What is the process of forming a nucleic acid by using another molecule as a template; particularly the process of synthesizing RNA by using one strand of a DNA molecule as a template?
Describe ribosomal RNA.
What is RNA that is in the ribosome and guides the translation of MRNA into a protein; also used as molecular clock?
Describe an anti-codon.
What is a region of a tRNA molecule that consists of a sequence of 3 bases, complementary to an mRNA codon?
Chargaff's Rules
What is base pairing rules, A (adenine) with G (guanine) and T (thymine) with C (cytosine)?
Difference in nitrogenous bases of RNA and DNA.
What is DNA has thymine, guanine, cytosine, and adenine. RNA has uracil, adenine, guanine, and cytosine?
Describe transfer RNA.
What is a form of RNA that brings amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis?
Describe translation.
What is protein synthesis that takes place at ribosomes and that uses codons in mRNA molecules to specify the sequence of amino acids in polypeptide chains?