Cancer
What is the most common clinical manifestations reported by patients with cancer?
Fatigue
Name 2 of the 7 risk factors associated with hyperthryoidism? (according to Dr. House's slide 11)
genetics, stress, infection, injury, surgery, grave's disease, female
What are some age-related differences in adulthood related to spinal cord and bones?
muscle mass and tone reduce, bone density decreases, more susceptible to fractures, thinning of vertebral disks.
What is a normal platelet count for adults?
150,000-400,000
Which populations are at greatest risk for MI?
Middle aged and older adults, men, african americans
What kind of clinical manifestations related to the hematological system might you see in a patient with cancer? (3)
Anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia.
Name 7 of the 13 potential clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism? (according to Dr. House slide 12)
Weight loss, ↑ in HR, ↑ temp, ↑ thirst, hyperreflexia, exophthalmos, diarrhea, insomnia, stress/anxiety/emotional lability, increased hunger, enlarged gland (goiter), flushed skin, diaphoresis, heat intolerance.
What is the gold standard for diagnosis osteoporosis?
DEXA scan
What is DIC and common clinical manifestations
Complex, acquired disorder in which clotting and hemorrhage occur simultaneously . S/S - bleeding from venipuncture site, bleeding from arterial lines, purpura, petechiae, hematomas, symmetric cyanosis of the finger and toes.
Name some unmodifiable risk factors for heart disease?
Age, genetics, family history, co-morbidities, gender
What is the definition of a stage II in relation to cancer?
There has been local invasion (i.e. from one breast to the nearby lymphnode)
What happens with children with untreated hypothyroidism?
intellectual impairment
What are the clinical manifestations of fractures in adults and children (According to Dr. House slide 23)
Bruising, skin laceration, swelling, cradling of the extremity, numbness/tingling, limited movement and ROM.
Older adults, African Americans, immobility (i.e. paralysis, confined sitting, recovery from illness/surgery), smoking.
What is unstable angina?
Chest pain that occurs at rest or with exertion and severely limits activity. increased number and intensity of attacks.
Name 3 of the 5 tumor marker substances produced by cancer cells that are found on or in tumor cells, in the blood, CSF, or urine?
Hormones, enzymes, genes, antigens, antibodies
Which cultural groups have the highest incidence of type 2 dm?
Native americans, asian-pacific islanders, and african-americans.
What is acute compartment syndrome?
Blood is trapped in the interstitial space after fracture has occurred.
What are some complications associated with liver disease?
Portal hypertension, ascites, hepatorenal syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy.
What should be of most concern for the nurse taking care of a hospitalized patient after having a NSTEMI?
Recurrent clot formation --> STEMI
When a patient is diagnosed with a benign tumor, it is assumed that the tumor is: (select all that apply)
a. well encapsulated b. well differentiated c. absent of normal tissue d. spreading to regional lymphnodes e. generally resistant to treatment modalities
A. Well encapsulated
B. Well differentiated
What is HHNKS and what are the symptoms?
Polyuria, polydipsia, hypovolemia, dehydration, hypotension, tachycardia, weight loss, N/V, hypothermia, seizures, coma. Glucose levels > 600 mg/dL
What is the difference between primary spinal cord injury and secondary spinal cord injury?
Primary SCI is the mechanical trauma and immediate tissue destruction whereas secondary SCI is related to the pathophysiological cascade of the vascular and cellular events after injury occurs and lasts for weeks.
What is Pernicious anemia? (according to slide 61 from Dr. House)
Caused by vitamin b12 deficiency .
Describe 1st, 2nd, and 3rd degree heart blocks (according to Dr. House's lecture)
2. Some sinus impulses reach ventricles, others do not.
3. No sinus impulses reach ventricles (life-threatening)