Basics
Give 5 examples of PPE/Lab safety rules
Gloves, goggles, apron, closed shoes, no food/drink
What are the 4 states of matter?
Liquid, gas, solid, plasma
What kind of reaction absorbs heat from its environment?
Endothermic reactions
What is the octet rule?
The rule that every electron shell in an atom will try and obtain 8 electrons.
Who is credited with developing the current atomic model?
Niels Bohr
What tool can most accurately measure volume?
Graduated cylinder
What are hot, ionized particles with an indefinite shape?
Plasma
Where on the pH scale are alkaline substances?
A pH that is greater than 8
What is Avogadro's number?
6.022 x 10^23
Where are the most electronegative elements?
Top right
How do you measure the volume of a liquid?
Flask or beaker
How do you measure the volume of an irregular object?
You place the object in a graduated cylinder filled with water. Measure the water displacement at the meniscus.
What is viscosity?
Resistance of a liquid to flow
How many double bonds are in the ionic compound CO2?
Two double bonds
How many electrons can each shell hold?
s=2, p=6, d=10, f=14
In which step of the scientific method do you determine if your results were correct?
The last step, conclude/report your results
Phase changes are what type of a change?
Physical
If a solution is unsaturated then…
It can still hold more solvent
What does a catalyst do?
Speeds up a reaction
A container had a starting volume of 30 L and a temperature of 500 K. If the temperature is increased to 700K, what is the volume?
42 L
What is the rule for multiplying numbers with significant figures?
Use the lower number of significant figures
What is it called when a substance goes straight from a solid to a gas?
Sublimation
What are the 5 signs of a chemical reaction?
Smell, change in color, formation of a precipitate, gas production, temperature change
Cooler temperatures, decreased pressure, and a high concentration and a larger volume
What is the difference between Alpha and Beta Decay?
In Alpha decay, it loses 2 protons and 2 neutrons. Beta decay is where a neutron changes into a proton and electron.