Chemical Equations
The definition of chemical equations?
What is the representation of chemical reactions where one substrate changes into another?
In an exothermic reaction, heat is ___, and in an endothermic reaction, heat is ___.
What is released and absorbed?
Definition of an atom.
What is the basic unit of a chemical element?
Definition of an orbital.
What is the actual or potential patterns of electron density that may be formed in an atom or molecule by one or more electrons?
___ ___ are in the first column of the periodic table and they each have 1 valence electron
What are Alkali metals
Definition of balanced equations.
What is a proportional relationship between reactants and products?
coefficients are written in to help balance the equation.
This helps speed up the reaction but does not take part in the reaction.
What is a catalyst?
___make up most of the space in the atom
What are electron clouds?
The Pauli Exclusion Principle
What is the max of two electrons per orbital and they must have opposite spins
_______ is an acid and a base that differ only by H+
What is Conjugate Acid-Base pair
Balance this equation: CH4 + __CI2 → CCI4 + __HCI
CH4 + 4CI2 → CCI4 + 4HCI
These factors increase the rate of reactions.
What is,
Increasing temperature, increasing surface area, and increasing concentration.
What are the three subatomic particles and what are their charges?
Protons (+)
Electrons (-)
Neutrons (0)
Definition of Hund's Rule.
What is single electrons must fill each orbital before doubling up?
___ gives off hydrogen ions (H+)in a solution, ___ gives off hydroxide (OH-) in a solution
What are acids and bases?
Balance this equation: C3H8 + __O2 → __H2O + __CO2
C3H8 + 5O2 → 4H2O + 3CO2
Definition of activation energy.
What is the minimum amount of energy needed for a reaction to potentially occur
the mass of the atom is the sum of ___ and ___
What are, protons and nuetrons?
What are the 3 different shells called and how many electrons can they each hold?
K shell: 2 electrons (max), L shell: 8 electrons (max), M shell: 18 electrons (max)
____ law states that equal volumes of all ideal gases contain the same number of molecules as long as temperature and pressure are constant.
Who is Avagadro's
Name all of the types of chemical equations
1. Synthesis – two substances combine to form one
2. Decomposition – one substance breaks apart to form two
3. Single-displacement – one element replaces another element in a compound
4. Double-displacement – two compounds swap partners
5. Combustion – reaction with O2 as a reactant and CO2 + H2O as products.
6. Acid/Base Neutralization – accepting or donating H+
According to the Collision theory, what is necessary for a reaction to occur?
What is,
Collision, correct geometry, and enough energy
The subatomic particle has the lowest mass?
What is an electron?
What are the 4 orbitals? How many electrons can each orbital hold? How many orbitals are in each does each orbital have?
s = spherical shaped : 2 electrons max, 1 Orbital
p = peanut shaped: 6 electrons max, 3 Orbitals
d = dumbbell shaped: 10 electrons max, 5 Orbitals
f = 14 electrons max, 7 Orbitals
What is the hydronium ion concentration of a substance whose pH is 4.5?
[H3O+] = 3.2 x 10-5 mol/L