Chemistry
What type of bond involves sharing electrons?
Covalent bonds
What is the Central Dogma?
DNA -> RNA -> Protein
Which organelle contains DNA and is the site of DNA replication and transcription?
Nucleus
Name a type of passive transport
Simple diffusion, osmosis, or facilitated diffusion
What is the first phase of the mitotic phase?
What type of binds do unsaturated fats have that make the liquid at room temperature?
Double bonds
Which organelle does mRNA bind to?
Ribosome
What function does the mitochondria have?
Metabolic activities including cellular respiration (produces ATP)
Define osmosis
Movement of water across the membrane to equilibrate impermeable solute concentration
What does cytokinesis mean?
cell divides into two equal halves
What are carbohydrates stored as in plants and animals?
plants: starch
humans: glycogen
What does translation refer to in protein synthesis?
What's the site of rRNA synthesis?
Nucleolus (within the nucleus)
What's the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?
Facilitated diffusion involves proteins
What happens in metaphase?
chromosomes line up in center of cell
What causes denaturation of proteins?
pH and temperature changes
What function do desmosomes have?
Attaches cell to cell and provides elasticity
Rough ER, Ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, centriole, vesicle.
What happens to the cell in a hypertonic solution?
Water flows out of the cell, making it shrink
During which part of interphase does DNA replication occur?
S phase
Name the 4 nitrogenous bases in DNA.
Adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine
What's the difference between a cell junction and a gap junction?
A tight junction prevents paracellular diffusion, gap junctions establish a passageway
Name the 3 main functions of the smooth ER?
What to forms of active transport are types of bulk transport?
Exocytosis end endocytosis
Name all of the phases (including interphase) in order
G0, G1, S, G2, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis