The outer layer of the earth's crust that is hard like rock
lithosphere
Mountains
formed by huge movements in Earths crust, powerful forces folding and buckling the rock layers of Earth surface
2 plates of the lithosphere collide and push up on the edges of the plates, forcing material up
what are 3 types of erosion
ice, water, wind
population of people
human
How are volcanoes dangerous. Name 3 ways
- ashes and toxic gases bad for breathing
- lava can destroy animals, homes
- lava can cause fires
- rocks and debris flying through the air
A seismograph is used for...
an important tool that measures and records the magnitude and duration of the disturbance of the ground, especially earthquakes
Volcanoes
Similar to mountains
Why do plates move constantly?
Convection flow underneath them
warmer material rises, and is replaced by cool air
Tornadoes
physical
How is an earthquake dangerous. name 3 ways
- destroying homes
- buildings fall, materials fall
- can cause other natural events (tsunamis)
The difference between WEATHERING and EROSION
weathering is a natural process that breaks down rock into small particles
erosion moves those materials from one place on Earth's Surface, to another
Valleys
The theory that the Earth's crust is made up of several rigid pieces that are pushed by forces inside the planet
plate tectonics
population of oak trees in a national park
physical
why is it a good thing for people to be forced out of their homes when living in volcano/earthquake zones?
- their safety
- to protect their belongings and possessions
- to allow room for exploration and science
The point on Earth's surface directly above the location of an earthquake
epicentre
Plateaus
Created by movements under the Earth's surface that lift the land
Many plateaus form as magma deep inside the Earth pushes toward the surface but fails to break through the crust. Instead, the magma lifts up the large, flat, impenetrable rock above it
How can humans change landforms?
living spaces
basic needs
mining
human
Why is it a bad thing to force people to move away from volcano/earthquake zones?
- they can lose their jobs, homes and families/friends
- they may like the area and the lifestyle that comes with it
- strips us of our right to choose
- an opportunity for learning
Divergent Boundaries
2 plates of the lithosphere move away from each other
Plains
There are a few ways that plains were and are formed. The first plains were created from lava flowing on Earth and burning landforms- making them flat.
Erosion and deposits can also create plains.
Sea floor can be pushed up
What is a way landforms are changed by natural processes?
weather- natural disasters
Standard of Living quality across the world
human
What are some ways we have improved our defense against volcanoes/earthquakes?
- technology advancements, early warning signs, predicitions
- measuring abilities and ranking disasters
- structure laws and materials changed