Earth Layers
Layers of the Earth from outermost to innermost.
Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
What makes up the lithosphere?
All of the crust and part of the mantle.
What are the three types of seismic waves that happen from an earthquake?
P-waves, S-waves, and Surface waves
What were 2 warning signs that Mt. St. Helens was going to erupt?
Earthquakes
Ash / Smoke
New Craters
Bulge on side of mountain (lava dome)
Avalanche
Temperature and Pressure
Describe the continental crust (thickness, density, age).
Thick, less dense, old
Where does Earth's core get its heat from?
Radioactivity
Leftover heat from its formation
P-waves
What happens when a volcano is formed by rifting? What plate boundary does this happen at?
Plates move apart and magma bubbles up through the middle.
Divergent boundary.
I place a object with a density of 3.00 g/cm3 into a fluid that has a density of 1.00 g/cm3 will it float, sink or do neither?
Sink - because it is more dense than the liquid
3.00 > 1.00
Layer of Earth is the most dense and why.
Core - because it is located at the center of Earth
What happens at a divergent boundary and what land formation is found there?
Plates move apart
Rift / Valley - Rift Volcanoes
Which waves can only travel through solids?
S-waves
Compositie Volcano
What is the epicenter of an earthquake and where is it located?
List the Earth layers with decreasing density - from most dense to least dense.
Inner Core
Outer Core
Mantle
Crust
What happens at a transform boundary and what land formation is found there?
Plates slide past each other
Fault / Earthquakes
Which waves cause the most damage?
Describe the lava / magma that comes from a cinder cone volcano.
Felsic magma - thin / runny that cools in the air and falls down as cinders
What scale the richter or mercalli scale is more reliable?
Richter because it uses seismic data instead of reports from people.
What state of matter are each of the Earth's layers?
Crust - solid
Mantle - solid / liquid
Outer Core - liquid
Inner Core - solid
What happens at a convergent boundary?
Pick one of the convergent boundaries (continental / continental, ocean / continental, ocean / ocean) what happens there and what is formed?
Plates move together
C/C - plates push together and up - form mountains
C/O - oceanic plate moves under continental - forms subduction zone and volcanoes
O/O - plates push together and down - forms oceanic trench
Which waves move through material by expanding and contracting?
P-waves
What happens when a volcano is formed by subduction? What type of plate boundary does this happen at?
Oceanic crust moves under continental crust friction caused heat and melts rock to form magma. Magma bubbles up to form volcano.
Convergent Boundary
Explain what happens when a hotspot volcano is formed?
What plate boundary does this occur at if any?
Magma bursts through the crust to form a volcano.
Happens in the middle of a tectonic plate.