The Cell
This organelle often takes up much of the volume of a plant cell.
What is the central vacuole?
These subatomic structures do not have a charge because the contain an equal number of protons and electrons.
What is an atom?
This polysaccharide is an important component in the structure of many animals and fungi.
What is chitin?
The cellular process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones.
What is catabolism?
This phase of cell division is characterized by the alignment of chromosomes on the equator of the cell.
What is metaphase?
This frequently imposes a limit on cell size.
What is the ratio of surface area to volume?
The process of attraction between the partial negative charge at one end of a water molecule and the partial positive charge of another water molecule.
What is a hydrogen bond?
The presence of relatively nonpolar C—H bonds makes these macromolecules hydrophobic.
What are lipids/fats?
This concept explains how heat generated by chemical, transport, or mechanical work in an organism is lost to the environment.
What is the second law of thermodynamics?
This process occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis.
What is crossing over/synapsis?
This process moves water across a membrane from areas of lower solute concentration to areas of higher solute concentration.
What is osmosis?
These solutions maintain a relatively constant pH when either acids or bases are added to them.
What is a buffer solution?
This component of amino acid structure varies among different amino acids.
What is the R group?
Binding of substrate to the active site changes the shape of the active site of an enzyme according to this hypothesis.
What is the induced fit hypothesis?
This is the reason that all of the F1 offspring of Mendel's classic pea cross always look like one of the two parental varieties.
What is a dominant allele?
According to this model, a membrane is composed of a fluid bilayer of phospholipids with embedded amphipathic proteins.
What is the fluid mosaic model?
The majority of bonds in these molecules are nonpolar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages making them non insoluble in water.
What are hydrocarbons?
This level of protein structure is all that remains after you break all of the hydrogen bonds in a protein.
What is the primary structure?
The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is directly involved in this process.
What is the electron transport chain?
This is a mix between two organisms that are heterozygous for the character being followed.
What is a monohybrid cross?
The regulates the movement of proteins and RNAs into and out of the nucleus.
What is the nuclear pore complex?
About 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life. These four elements make up approximately 96% of living matter.
What are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen?
These linkages in cellulose cannot be hydrolyzed by enzymes in the human stomach.
What are β-glycosidic linkages?
These function as electron carriers in the Citric acid cycle.
What are NADH and FADH2?
This enzyme attracts the proper nucleotides to the DNA template.
What is DNA polymerase?