Triads/ Tetrads/ Pentads
Charcot's Triad
What is
-RUQ pain, jaundice, fever
Fixed split S2 during inspiration and expiration
What is
-Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
plasmodium vivax transmitted by female anopheles mosquito
(Hint available)
What is
-Malaria
Spurling's Test
(how to, positive test, or assoc problem)
What is
-compression test (axial load) pain reproduced
-Cervical distraction pain relieved
for cervical radiculopathy
Most common presenting complaint for all motility issues
dysphagia
Reynold's Pentad
What is
-Charcot's triad (RUQ p, jaundice, fever)
-plus AMS
-plus shock (low BP, tachycardia)
Holosystolic blowing murmur best heard at apex with radiation to axilla
What is
-mitral valve regurgitation
lies dormant in dorsal root ganglia and can be reactivated
What is
-varicella zoster virus (VZV), reactivated as herpes zoster (shingles)
-Txt: valacyclovir, famciclovir (PO) severe acyclovir (IV)
X fracture: best seen on odontoid view, disruption of C1 ring
Y fracture: C2 vertebral body fx with anterior subluxation
(name either)
What is:
-x = Jefferson Fx
-y = Hangman's fx
Sxs: cough, regurgitation of undigested food, halitosis
Dx: Barium esophagram/ EGD/ contrast neck CT
What is
-Zenker's Diverticulum
Samter's Triad (AKA ASA triad)
What is:
-nasal polyps
-asthma
-aspirin intolerance
most common valvular disease in the US
Bonus: describe
What is
-Aortic Stenosis
-Harsh crescendo decrescendo murmur loudest at RUSB radiating to carotids
Screening test and Confirmatory test for HIV
What is
-Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and Western Blot
Surgical Emergency: Saddle anesthesia with problem @ L4-L5 level and possible loss of bowel or bladder
What is
-Cauda Equina Syndrome
Triad of solid food dysphagia, webs, and iron deficiency anemia
What is
-Plummer Vinson Syndrome
Beck's Triad
What is
-muffled heart sounds
-distended neck veins
-hypotension
Blowing decrescendo diastolic murmur loudest at tricuspid area
What is
-aortic regurgitation/ insuficiency
Borrelia Burgdorferi (spirochete)
(dz and txt)
What is
-Lyme Disease
-Txt: Doxycycline, amoxicillin or cefuroxime
+ HLA B27
What is
-Ankylosing Spondylitis
A healthy 35 YO non-smoker/drinker w dyspepsia comes in failing ranitidine daily. No anemia, wt loss, overt GI loss, family hx, or regular NSAID use. Do you:
A-send for EGD
B-Place on PPI daily + f/u x 1mo
C-Order 24hr pH monitoring
D-Send for Ba swallow
What is
B-Place on PPI daily + f/u x 1mo
If she fails PPI, then A (EGD)
Reactive Arthritis
What is
-anterior uveitis, conjunctivitis
-urethritis
-arthritis
Low pitched diastolic rumble murmur with an opening snap
What is
-mitral stenosis
Gardasil vaccination protects against these high risk strands of HPV
(list at least 5 strands for full credit)
What is
-31, 33, 45, 52, 58 (cervical cancer)
-Also 6, 11, (anogenital warts) 16, 18 (genital cancer)
Description of gouty synovial fluid under polarizing microscopy
Bonus: Description of pseudogout
What is
-negatively birefringent monosodium urate needle shaped crystals
Pseudogout: positively birefringent rod-shaped crystals
Gram negative bacillus that is a risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma
Bonus: Txt
What is
-Helicobacter Pylori
Txt: Clarithromycin 500mgBID +Amoxicillin 1gm BID + PPI QD