GEOGRAPHY
A civilization that lies on the fertile cresent between two rivers
What is Sumer
A system developed to water crops
What is irrigation
The first known settlements in southern Mesopotamia formed in about 5000BC. This culture is known today as what culture?
What is the Ubaid culture
What are city-states
The first political, or government, structure of each city-state was made up of what?
What are a small group of leaders and a chief leader chosen by the group?
Two rivers that surround the fertile cresent
What are the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
People in southern Mesopotamia had plenty of water, but no way to use it so they dug these to bring the water to their crops
What is a canal
What tools did Ubaid farmers use?
What are stone hoes and clay sickles
What are the main features of a Sumerian city-state?
What is a walled city and the land around it, an independent government, economic surplus
Sometimes disputes could not be settled peacefully and led to war, when this happened it became clear that a single leader was needed and this led to what form of government?
What is a monarchy?
Small rivers that flow into larger rivers
What is a tributary
People in southern Mesopotamia stored water in these
What are basins
What happened when the simple life turned more advanced?
What are rules and organazation
How was the government in Sumer connected to religion?
What is the king had complete authority over all areas of life, including religion
What is it called when the king has complete control over religion, economy, and everyday life.
What is authority?
Why is the fertile cresent so fertile?
What is silt
To protect their lands from floods, they built these along the river banks
What are dikes or walls
What good did they began to create and trade?
The belief in many gods
What is polytheism?
What did the economic surpluses lead to?
What are new kinds of jobs, the production of new goods, and to trade.
Why was a civilization formed in southern Mesopotamia instead of northern Mesopotamia?
What is the northern region was on high, flat land and the southern region was on a alluvial plain, which had better soil
What is allowing people to take up farming as a way of life, could provide a surplus of food, and with a surplus of food, people could develop new, more complex cultures
Some of the first cities formed.
What are the cities of Eridu, Uruk, Kish, and Ur
A governing system ruled by a queen or king
what is a monarchy?
A group of traders that travel together
What is a caravan?