Feudalism
A person who received a small fief or land was a ______________.
noble
What is the Koran?
It's the holy book for Muslims.
mezquita
mosque
Knights
Al Andalus was the Arabic name given to the Iberian Peninsula governed by Muslims in the period between ____ and ____.
between 711 and 1492.
The land that was given was called a ________ or _________.
fief or manor.
What is the Hijra?
It's the event that marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar, when Muhammad left the city of Medina because the authorities persecuted him because of his ideas.
rezar
pray
homage
What indigenous people migrated from North Africa to the Iberian Peninsula during the time of Al-Andalus? (Many were livestock farmers and lived a humble existence.)
What were 3 duties (responsibilities) of the serfs?
They had to work, pay taxes, and fight for the lord.
Define 'pilgrimage' in English.
A long journey (trip) to visit an important religious place.
judios
Jews
How do you say 'campesinos' in English?
peasants
Explain what a 'drought' is.
During the 8th & 9th centuries, European kingdoms were small and weak. Invaders conquered their cities and took their treasures. Kings had no armies/military to protect their countries. However, there were many nobles living in strong castles with soldiers. Kings asked the nobles for help, in exchange for land.
What is Islam? Who founded it? When was it founded (in which century)?
It's a monotheistic religion founded by Muhammad in the 7th century.
tierra (Kings gave this to the nobles)
Land
How do you say 'compensa/premio' in English?
reward
What were 5 new crops introduced by the Arabs?
Cereals: rice.
Vegetables: aubergines, asparagus, garlic, onions, carrots.
Fruits: watermelons, melons, bitter oranges, pomegranates.
Other: sugar cane and cotton.
Give a complete, clear, explanation of Feudalism. Include each group of people and their role in the Feudalism 'hierarchy'.
The social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility held land from the King in exchange for military service, and vassals were in tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, in exchange for military protection.
All land was owned by the King. One quarter was kept by the King as his personal property, some was given to the church and the rest was given to others.
What are the five basic, mandatory acts of Islam?
- A declaration of faith
- Praying 5 times a day, between sunrise and sunset, towards Mecca
- Giving to charity to show gratitude to Allah
- Fasting during the month of Ramadan
- Pilgrimage to Mecca once in your life (if you have the means to do so)
What does the Arabic word 'Islam' mean?
It means 'submission.'
Translate 'jurar' into English.
swear
What are 4 characteristics of Feudalism?
- Each person in the system receives land
- Each person in the system had to pay a price
- Payment was in either men or services
- Land was passed down through the system
- Service and support was passed UP through the system
- Homage: If someone gave you land, then you had to swear an oath or loyalty to him
- Supporters of the King were rewarded
- Loyalty was given to the King