Bone free for all
What is a fossa?
A) A little pit
B) A cleft
C) A general term for a depressionD) A hole
Which type of ossification begins with a hyaline cartilage model?
Endochondral ossification.
Which hormone is primarily responsible for a growth spurt during puberty for a teenage boy?
Testosterone
What is the term for slightly movable joints?
Amphiarthroses
Demonstrate or draw the movement listed on the card.
Flexion.
Osteoid is composed of:
A) Calcium and phosphate
B) Hyaluronic acid.
C) Mostly collagen.
D) Cartilage.
C) Mostly collagen.
Chondrocytes are mature cartilage cells within the _______ and they are derived from __________.
a) perichondrium, fibroblasts
b) perichondrium, chondroblasts
c) lacunae, fibroblasts
d) lacunae, chondroblasts
d) lacunae, chondroblasts
Joints containing hyaline cartilage are called ________ and joints containing fibrocartilage are called ________.
Synchondroses, symphyses
For a ballerina to stand on her toes, her feet must:
a) evert
b) invert
c) plantar flex
d) dorsiflexe) abduct
c) plantar flex
The frontal bone is part of the __________ skeleton, and it is created from __________________ossification.
Axial, intramembranous.
Osteoblasts release _________, which attaches to __________ on osteoclasts in order to _________osteoclast activity.
RANK Ligand (RANKL), RANK, increase
One of the reproductive hormones that can accelerate the rate of cartilage growth, especially during puberty.
It also increases osteoprotegerin expression, which decreases osteoclast activity.
Estrogen.
Fred was a hotshot on the basketball team, at least until he was hit on the lateral side of the knee during a game. Which ligament did he likely tear during this injury?
A) Posterior cruciate ligament
B) Lateral collateral ligament
C) Medial collateral ligament
D) Patellar ligament
C) Medial collateral ligament.
Demonstrate or draw the movements listed on the card.
In which zone of epiphyseal plate growth do chondrocytes die?
The zone of calcification
If someone has low levels of parathyroid hormone in their body, what does it say about their calcium levels in the blood?
Calcium levels in the blood would also be low.
Parathyroid hormone _______ the production of RANKL and at the same time ________ osteoprotegerin secretion in order to increase osteoclast activity.
a) stimulates, decreases
b) decreases, stimulates
c) increases, elevates
d) deactivates, increases
a) stimulates, decreases
The inability to produce the fluid that keeps most joints moist would likely be caused by a disorder of the
a) bursae
b) synovial membrane
c) articular cartilage
d) tendon sheath
b) synovial membrane
Given these events:
1) Osteochondral progenitor cells become osteoblasts
2) Connective tissue membrane is formed;
3) Osteoblasts produce woven bone,
Which sequence best describes intramembranous bone formation?
a) 1, 2, 3
b) 3, 2, 1
c) 2, 1, 3
d) 2, 3, 1c) 2, 1, 3
2) Connective tissue membrane is formed
1) Osteochondral progenitor cells become osteoblasts
3) Osteoblasts produce woven bone
Given these events:
1) Osteochondral progenitor cells become osteoblasts
2) Connective tissue membrane is formed
3) Osteoblasts produce woven bone
which sequence best describes intramembranous ossification?
a) 1, 2, 3
b) 1, 3,2
c) 2, 1, 3
d) 3, 2, 1
e) 2, 3, 1
c) 2, 1, 3
2) Connective tissue membrane is formed
1) Osteochondral progenitor cells become osteoblasts
3) Osteoblasts produce woven bone
If someone has low levels of parathyroid hormone in their body, what does it say about their calcium levels in the blood?
Calcium levels in the blood would also be low.
Assume that a sharp object penetrated a synovial joint. Given these structures:
1) tendon or muscle
2) ligament
3) articular cartilage
4) fibrous capsule (of joint capsule)
5) skin
6) synovial membrane (of joint capsule),
Choose the order which they would most likely be penetrated.
a) 5, 1, 2, 6, 4, 3
b) 5, 2, 1, 4, 3, 6
c) 5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 3
d) 5, 1, 2, 4, 3, 6
c) 5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 3
5) skin
1) tendon or muscle
2) ligament
4) fibrous capsule (of joint capsule)
6) synovial membrane (of joint capsule)
3) articular cartilage
Demonstrate or draw the movements listed on the card.
Protraction and Retraction.