Continental Drift
What is continental drift?
The theory that the Earth’s land masses are slowly moving over time.
What is plate tectonics?
The interaction of Earth’s plates and the results of those interactions.
What is a volcano?
A weak spot in Earth’s crust where magma, gasses, and rock can escape.
What is an earthquake?
Any interaction of the plates causing rock to shake
Which type of plate boundary causes earthquakes?
All of them can
What was the supercontinent called before they moved away from each other?
Pangea
What is happening at the lithosphere and asthenosphere?
Lithosphere- plates
asthenosphere-conveyorbelt
Which type of plate boundary can cause a volcano to form?
Convergent- land vs ocean
What is the difference between the focus and the epicenter for an earthquake?
Focus is where rock moves underground and epicenter is directly above that on land
What is Sonar?
Helped map the ocean floor
Who came up with the idea of continental drift?
Alfred Wegner
List and describe pieces of evidence for seafloor spreading.
Age of rocks
magnetic striping
What is the ring of fire?
80% of volcanoespacific plate interacting with continental plates around it
What are the 3 types of seismic waves?
Primary, secondary, surface
What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?
Theory has a mechanism
Why didn’t people believe Alfred?
No mechanism/how
Draw and label the process of convection
Drawing
List the 7 parts of a volcano
Magma chamber, pipe, vent, lava flow, crater, ash cloud, rock
Describe the magnitude scale using numbers
0-10, 10 being most damage
compare oceanic plates to continental
oceanic- young, thin, dense
continental-thick, old, less dense
List and describe the 4 pieces of evidence that Alfred used for continental drift.
Geometric
fossil
climate
mountain
How do convection, gravity, and pressure contribute to plate movement?
Convection- conveyor belt
gravity-pulls plates toward earth
Pressure- builds up in mid ocean ridge causing new plates to be formed
List and describe the 3 magnitude scales for Earthquakes
Mercalli
richter
moment magnitude
Which type of seismic wave causes the most damage, and why?
Surface
List and describe the 3 types of volcanos
Cone
shield
Composite