Subjunctive
This is the most prominent way to notice a verb is in the subjunctive.
What is a long connecting vowel (η / ω) before endings?
Imperatives use the same endings as the indicative in this person and number.
What is the 2nd person plural?
Besides the present and 2nd aorist active, all other infinitives end with thεse two letters.
What are -αι?
Thankfully, Contract verbs only create usual forms based on this principle part/ tense .
What is the present tense or 1st principle part (also for imperfect)?
What is the base genitive singular ending of all 3rd declension verbs?
What is -ος?
Greek creates its strongest negation in this way.
what is οὐ μη and the subjunctive because it negates even the possibility of the action?
Most active imperative endings contain a tau (τ), what does this consonant shift to in the middle forms?
What is -σθ-?
ε, ετω, ετε, ετωσαν
ου, εσθω, εσθε, εσθωσαν.
This is one use of the Greek infinitive that matches English almost identically?
What is a purpose clause (we did this to do that)?
or
What is a verbal compliment (we need to sleep?
This happens to the stem vowel on contract verbs outside of the 1st principle part?
What is lengthening in all other principle parts?
Liquid futures take this tense formative.
What is an epsilon which usually contracts?
This word will often introduce a purpose clause that uses the subjunctive.
What is ἵνα or ὅπως?
This type of command is often used for specific situations that have not yet happened.
What is the Aorist Imperative?
If an infinitive needs to have something like a subject, it uses this case.
What is an accusative (My family needs me to go shopping)?
This heavy vowel is never lost in contractions.
What is an omega or O class vowel?
This is often the only way to tell present tense liquid from a liquid future.
What is the accent on the ending final vowel? In most cases, verbal accents are recessive so they want to move to the start of the word. With liquids, the accent will always be on the ending where a contraction happened.
This use of the subjunctive is mainly found in the 1st person plural.
What is the hortatory subjunctive, or "let us" subjunctive?
This type of prohibition is often used for actions that may already be in progress or are generally true so it can be translated "stop!"
What are Present Imperatives and μη.
This use of the Greek infinitive is rare in English but common in Greek and often is after verbs like λεγω.
What is indirect discourse (Germanic tribes were said to fight the hardest of any Roman enemy.)?
This is the most common contraction and one of the hardest to decipher because it BOTH loses one vowel and adds a different one that was NOT part of the initial contraction.
What is ε+ο or ο+ε which results in an ου contraction.
This is the genitive singular ending of masculine and feminine 3rd declension contract nouns
What is -εως?
This particle, or a form of it, marks uncertainty, and it often is followed with a subjunctive.
What is the particle ἀν?
Aorist Prohibitions use this form, for that reason.
What are subjunctives because the prohibited action is only hypothetical at the time of negation.
These three words introduce temporal/ time clauses with an infinitive.
What are προ (before) , εν (while) , and μετα (after)?
What typical "rule" for contractions do the infinitives of contracts regularly break?
What is retaining the ιοτα? Unlike most personal endings which retain iotas in diphthongs or subscripts, the iota is missing in the infinitive.
These are the parsing of the following two 3rd declension nouns, γένη and ἐθνος.
What is (nominative plural neuter) and (genitive singular neuter) respectively?