Anatomy & Physiology
Laboratory results that frequently cause cardiac irritability.
What are electrolyte imbalances?
The PRI is consistently prolonged.
What is first degree heart block?
A sign of increasing ventricular irritability.
What are PVCs?
This may just be a lead off.
What is asystole?
The functions identified in the first 3 positions in the NASPE/BPEG Generic (NBG) Pacemaker Code in the correct order.
What is the chamber paced, the chamber sensed and the response to sensing?
The pause at the AV node helps to ensure this happens.
What is atrial kick?
The P waves occur at regular intervals, the QRS occur at regular intervals and the PRI is inconsistent.
What is third degree heart block?
A rhythm which occurs when the SA and AV nodes fail to conduct.
What is idioventricular rhythm?
When elevated above the isoelectric line it could indicate myocardial infarction.
What is ST segment elevation?
The method of documenting the amount of pacing occurring within a rhythm strip.
What is percentage of paced beats?
The phase of the cardiac cycle when the coronary arteries are perfused.
What is diastole.
This rhythm has a high risk of progressing to complete heart block.
What is second degree type II heart block?
Chaos.
What is ventricular fibrillation?
Blockages that occur below the level of the Bundle of His.
What are bundle branch blockages?
This indicates the cardiac tissue has received the pacing stimulus.
What is capture?
The blockage of this coronary artery increases the risk of AV heart blocks.
What is the right coronary artery?
The key characteristics of second degree type I heart block.
What is a repeating pattern of progressively lengthening PRI, followed by a dropped QRS?
The polymorphic rhythm that appears to rotate within the same lead.
What is Torsades de Pointes?
The main causes to target when treating asystole/PEA rhythms.
What are the 5 H’s and 5 T’s?
The reason ventricular pacing causes a wide QRS.
What is conduction originates within the ventricle?
The 'gatekeeper' function.
What is blocks some conduction in rapidly depolarizing atria from entering the ventricles to maintain adequate cardiac output?
Beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers and digoxin.
What are common cardiac drugs that can cause AV heart blocks?
The key characteristics of monomorphic VT.
What are no P waves, wide QRS, T waves, which when discernable, deflect in the opposite direction of the QRS and a regular rhythm?
Normal sinus rhythm without a pulse.
What is pulseless electrical activity?
The potential for R on T phenomenon exists in this pacing scenario.
What is undersensing?