Acronyms
IND
Investigational New Drug (Application)
Year that DNA structure was elucidated
1953 (Watson, Crick, but really Franklin)
The word cancer comes from the Latin for this
Crab (Early doctors, when describing certain tumours which had veins or extensions from the main body, called them crab-like, or ‘cancerous’. )
Nitrogenous base found in RNA but not DNA
Uracil
Monocytes that move from the systemic circulatory system into general connective tissues, where they differentiate into this phagocytic cell type
Macrophages
NMR
nuclear magnetic resonance (spectroscopy)
First recombinant DNA drug product approved by the FDA
Humulin (human insulin from Lily in 1982)
606,520
Estimated number of cancer deaths in 2020 in the US (based on the ACS numbers)
Site where photosynthesis takes place
Myelogenous leukemias are caused by the cancerous production of innate (non-specific) immune system cells in this tissue
Bone Marrow
CDISC
Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium
First Biotech Company
Cetus (1971)
First use of immunotherapy
Dr. Coley, 1891 (infected a patient with bacteria)
how a favorable genetic trait can increase in frequency in a population
Natural selection
What Boon and colleagues called syngeneic transplantable tumors which mutate such that they express strong transplantation antigens are rejected.
STING
stimulator of interferon gene complex
2003
5 year survival rate for prostate cancer
98%
I.Photosynthesis
II.Aerobic respiration
III.Fermentation
A disease caused by defects in the neutrophil NADPH oxidase system
Chronic granulomatous disease.
There is a failure to make reactive oxygen intermediates and to raise the pH in the phagocytic vacuole which facilitates microbicidal action.
PMPRB
Patented Medicine Prices Review Board (Canadian Pricing Review)
Act that explicitly defined two specific categories for medications in the US, legend (prescription) and over-the-counter (OTC).
Durham-Humphrey Amendment (1951)
First Oncogene
SRC, 1970 discovered in chickens
The biological term that explains why it is thought that the Galapagos Islands were originally colonized by one species of finch. Today these islands contain many species of finches that occupy diverse niches.
Adaptive Radiation
A peptide hormone produced exclusively by the thymus
thymulin and/or thymopoietin