Types of Government
Rule by a king or queen
Monarchy
He believed that people were born with natural rights and were able to govern themselves
John Locke
This Estate was made up of the clergy, had 1% of the population and 10% of the land, and paid no taxes
First Estate
He was King before the French Revolution, was an ineffective ruler, and lived in luxury while people starved
Louis XVI
This is pride in and support of your country or ethnic group
Nationalism
Rule by one powerful person
Dictatorship
This is when people sought new knowledge by exploring the world for themselves
Scientific Revolution
This was the period of time during the French Revolution where 40000 people were executed by guillotine, most because they were suspected of working against the Revolution
Reign of Terror
He was head of the Committee of Public Safety during the French Revolution and was responsible for 40000 deaths by guillotine before being guillotined himself
Maximilien Robespierre
This is a group of people who share a common history, culture, and language, and live in the same area
Nation
Rule by a small group
Oligarchy
She believed that women had natural rights and should have equality to men
Mary Wollstonecraft
This Estate was made up of nobles and had most of the land and power, but paid no taxes
Second Estate
This person came up with the idea that the Earth revolves around the sun
Nicolaus Copernicus
He led the independence movement in Haiti
Toussaint L'Ouverture
People vote for laws and leaders
Democracy
This is the idea that the earth goes around the sun
Heliocentrism
This Estate was made up of common people and had the biggest population, but the least amount of land and power
Third Estate
This person used a telescope to look at the night sky and got in trouble with the Church
Galileo
He led independence movements in Latin America
Simon Bolivar
Rule by religious leaders
Theocracy
This is when European thinkers and writers tried to solve the problems of society by using reason and logic
Enlightenment
This was a machine used during the French Revolution that chopped off people's heads
Guillotine
Military leader who declared himself Emperor of France
Napoleon
He was the prime minister of Prussia, worked to unify the German states, and believed in "Blood and Iron"
Otto von Bismarck