How Communication Shapes Perception
A ____ when spoken or typed have its own meaning.
Message
Name one of the four common perceptual tendencies?
1) Judge Ourselves Better Than Others 2) Cling to First Impressions 3) Assume that others are similar 4) Favor Negative Impressions Over Positive Ones
How does the textbook describe someone with low self-esteem?
Disapproves of their performances, rejects them, they feel threatened by others, not being able to stand up for themselves.
Describe one of the three factors communicators face while communicating face to face
1) Manner - consists of communicators' words and nonverbal actions. 2) Appearance - personal item people use to shape an image of themselves 3) Setting - physical items we use to influence how people view us
"A set of ____ each of us holds about ourselves - our self-concept - has a powerful effect on our own communication"
Benefits
Name one of the three-part method of perception checking.
1) Description of the behaviour 2) Interpretation of the behaviour 3) Request for clarification
Define self-concept.
"stable set of perceptions each individual holds of him/herself" (Alder et al., 2019, p.58)
What are Impression Managements two strategies?
Perceived Self and Presenting Self
"The ____ we present to the world varies from one situation to another"
Image
How many dimensions does empathy have?
Three
Name two ways that culture shapes our self-concept.
Language, Individualistic or Collectivistic Culture
Why is Identity Management a collaborative process?
Diverse our identities from other people for our own selves and is a process in which we collaborate with others to improvise.
Believing you will not win at the spelling bee, so you do not study shows _____.
Self Fulfilling Prophecy
A ____ is what we as humans create in our minds that help us realize what is going on in our lives
Narrative
“A relatively consistent set of traits a person exhibits across a variety of situations” is referred to as…?
Personality
Explain conscious and unconscious forms of communication.
Is spontaneous and not a deliberate attempt to present yourself in a certain way, and involves a conscious attempt to manage impressions.
"Two or more people often ____ the world in radically different ways, which presents major challenges for successful communication"
Perceive
Name two situational factors influencing perception.
Relational satisfaction, degree of involvement with the other person, past experience, expectations, social roles, knowledge, and self-concept
“A friend described someone you were about to meet, saying that you wouldn’t like the person. The prediction turned out to be correct.”
Self Fulfilling Phophecy
How do communicators take control of digital communication?
Advantage of what kind of information is revealed or hidden, control how the message is shaped, to either shape their own identity or preserve others' identity.