Court Systems
What are the two court systems in the United States?
Federal and State Courts
The Authority to hear and decide a case
Jurisdiction
Who appoints judges to the Supreme Court?
President
What Supreme Court Case established Judicial Review?
Marbury vs. Madison
What 3 rulings can the Court of Appeals give?
uphold, remand, return
Which type of court typically holds a trial?
District
Authority to hear cases for the first time
Original Jurisdiction
How long is the term of office for justices on the Supreme Court?
Lifetime
This decision requires law enforcement to make suspects aware of their rights prior to taking them into custody
Miranda vs. Arizona
This decision determined that school administrators do not need a search warrant before conducting a search because students have a reduced expectation of privacy when at school
New Jersey vs. T.L.O.
Cases in which juries decide whether people have committed crimes
Criminal Cases
Hear the case only on appeal, cases which have gone to district courts or through federal regulatory agencies
Appellate Jurisdiction
Who has to confirm the President's federal appointments?
Senate
In this decision, the Court decided that student speech (in particular, symbolic speech) is protected by the first amendment
Tinker vs. Des Moines
An earlier event or action that is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar circumstances
Precedent
Cases in which two sides disagree over some issue
Civil Cases
Crimes and accidents on the high seas or related to the seas
Admiralty or Maritime Law
How many judges are on the Supreme Court?
9
This case clarified our Constitutional right to counsel and ruled that in addition to having the right to an attorney, one will be provided if the defendant cannot afford one
Gideon vs. Wainwright
This decision established the Exclusionary Rule that says evidence that is obtained illegally is not permissible in court
Mapp vs. Ohio
Each district court has at least how many judges?
2
How many judges are involved in each case in the Court of Appeals?
3
How many justices must agree to hear a case for it to go through to the Supreme Court?
4 - "Rule of Four"
Texas vs. Johnson
Who argues cases on behalf of the U.S. Government?
Solicitor General