Participles (general)
Unlike past tense indicative verbs, participles do not receive this on the first syllable.
This is the pattern to form the first aorist active participle
verb stem + σα + ντ + adjective ending
This precedes a participle to put it in the attributive function.
A definite article.
This does not precede the participle when it is in the circumstantial position.
An article.
This is the situation in which the gentitive absolute occurs.
When the antecedent of the participle isn't part of the main sentence.
Greek participles can only be in these three tenses.
Present, future, and aorist.
This is the pattern to form the second aorist active participle.
verb stem + ντ + adjective endings
A participle is primarily this part of speech when in the attributive position.
An adjective.
English often uses this kind of clause when translating a circumstantial participle.
A dependent clause.
The genitive absolute marks the phrase as this kind of clause.
Dependent.
As adjectives, participles have this.
Gender, number, and case.
This is the pattern to form the present active particple.
present stem + ντ + adjective ending
οἱ φεύγοντες ἄνδρες…
The fleeing men...
The future active circumstantial participle refers to an action happening at this time in relation to the main verb.
The same time.
The definition of διαφέρω
carry over/across; differ, surpass
As verbs, participles have this.
Tense and voice.
This is the pattern to form the future active participle.
verb stem + σ + οντ + adjective ending
These are two common negatives for attributive participles.
οὐ and μή
The future active circumstantial participle refers to action happening at this time relative to the main verb.
After the main verb.
The definition of τυγχάνω, τεύξομαι, ἔτυχον
happen (+ participle.), meet (+ gen.)
Present active participles are formed in this pattern.
present stem + οντ + adjective ending
The formation of the first aorist active participle resembles this adjective formation.
πᾶς πᾶσα πᾶν
This is the definition of γιγνώσκω, γνώσομαι, ἔγνων.
come to know, perceive, know
The aorist active circumstantial participle refers to actions happening at this time relative to another verb.
Prior to another verb.
The definition of ὡς
as if, as, on the ground that