The Name's Bond, Chemical Bond
Individually weak but collectively strong, giving water unique properties such as high surface tension and specific heat
What are hydrogen bonds?
The compliment to the template strand, identical to the transcribed RNA aside from T and U being interchanged
What is the coding/sense strand?
Form the majority (though not by mass) of the plasma membrane, contains 2 fatty acid tails
What are phospholipids?
The products of Glycolysis
What are 2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, and 2 NADH?
The channel responsible for recognition of the depolarizing stimulus in an action potential
What is the ligand-gated Na+ channel?
The main bond formed between amino acids during translation of an mRNA
What are peptide/amide bonds?
Found in bacteria and aid in the recruitment of RNA polymerase to the transcription initiation site
What is the sigma factor?
An amphipathic molecule composed of a hydrocarbon tail with no double bonds
What is a saturated fatty acid?
The area in which protons are highly concentrated in the chloroplast
What is the thylakoid space?
The channel in which its inactivation allows for unidirectional propagation of an electrical signal
What is the voltage-gated Na+ channel?
The ability of an atom to attract any shared e- to itself
What is electronegativity?
Transcription of this is controlled by the presence of glucose and lactose and encodes genes to produce enzymes such as beta-galactosidase
What is the lac operon?
Most prevalent component of the plasma membrane in species that live in extremely cold environments
What are unsaturated fatty acids?
The source of electrons for the photosynthetic electron transport chain
What is H2O?
Responsible for the conversion of an electrical signal to a chemical signal at the presynaptic membrane
What is the voltage-gated Ca2+ channel?
Formed between the monosaccharides found in glycogen and starch
What are alpha <1,4> glycosidic linkages?
The P site, which is responsible for peptide bond formation, is found in this translational machinery
What is the ribosome?
The spontaneous structure formed by a lipid bilayer to eliminate free edges in an aqueous environment
What is a liposome/vesicle/closed lipid bilayer?
The complex which oxidizes NADH and reduces ubiquinone/Coenzyme Q
What is NADH dehydrogenase (complex I)?
Maintain resting membrane potential at around -60 mV
What are the Na+/K+ pumps and K+ leak channels?
Formed between two cysteine residues in both tertiary and quaternary protein structure
What are disulfide bonds?
The genetic change which can lead to the spread of antibiotic resistance and the ability to utilize new carbon sources by different prokaryotic organisms
What is horizontal gene transfer?
The four phospholipid motions in the plasma membrane
What are flip-flop, rotation, flexion, and lateral diffusion?
The processes in which substrate-level phosphorylation occurs in cellular respiration
What is glycolysis and the TCA cycle?
Targeted by inhibitory neurotransmitters like GABA to reduce the transmission of an action potential
What are ligand-gated Cl- channels?