Snickers
Base your answers to questions 46 through 48 on the information below and on your knowledge of science.
A student is setting up an experiment. The student has twenty identical young plants and will try to answer this question: How does the amount of water given to these plants each day affect how tall the plant will grow?
State an appropriate hypothesis for this experiment.
Allow 1 credit for a testable hypothesis (statement). Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— If young plants receive the greatest amount of water, then they will grow tallest. — The young plants that receive the least water will grow tallest.
— The more water a plant receives, the taller the plant will grow.
Note: Do not allow credit for responses written as a question since a hypothesis is a testable statement.
Describe one function of the roots. [1]
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— absorb nutrients from the soil
— anchor the plant in the ground
— absorb water
Note: Do not accept “absorb food” as they absorb nutrients used to produce food.
— store food
Describe what happens to the molecules in the ice as the temperature of the ice increases. [1]
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— The molecules move faster.
— The molecules move farther apart.
— The molecules speed up/vibrate faster.
— The forces between the molecules are getting weaker.
— The molecules are absorbing heat/thermal energy.
Note: Do not allow credit for “melt”/“turn to liquid” or “expand” because the ice makes the physical
change but the individual molecules do not.
An earthquake occurs when pieces of Earth’s crust move, producing waves of energy called seismic waves.
Two types of seismic waves that travel through Earth’s interior are called P-waves and S-waves.
P-waves can travel through solids and liquids, but S-waves can only travel through solids.
Identify one Earth layer in which earthquakes may occur.
Allow 1 credit for crust, lithosphere, or mantle.
Keeping Goldfi sh
Goldfish are one of the most common fish kept in a home aquarium. One thing these fish need is an appropriately sized environment. Goldfish produce a hormone, known as somatostatin, that can limit their growth and can keep them from outgrowing their tank.
Somatostatin allows the fish to grow to an appropriate size so that the concentration of wastes produced by the fish do not reach harmful levels in the aquarium.
Identify the body system in the fish that is most likely producing the hormone somatostatin. [1]
Allow 1 credit for endocrine system.
Base your answers to questions 46 through 48 on the information below and on your knowledge of science.
A student is setting up an experiment. The student has twenty identical young plants and will try to answer this question: How does the amount of water given to these plants each day affect how tall the plant will grow?
Identify one condition, other than identical young plants, that should be held constant during the experiment. [1]
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— size of planters/containers
— type of soil
— amount of soil
— same amount of light/sunlight
— same location
— temperature of the water
— temperature of the environment
— source of water
— time of day watered
Identify one plant structure in this diagram that mainly carries out photosynthesis.
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: — leaf/leaves — stem — sepals
Identify the force between the wheels of a cart and the ground surface that opposes forward motion of the cart.
Allow 1 credit for friction.
Describe one way to determine a person’s heart rate. [1]
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— Exercise increases heart rate.
— The students’ heart rates were higher after exercising.
— The heart beats faster.
— increase in pulse rate
Goldfish are one of the most common fish kept in a home aquarium. One thing these fish need is an appropriately sized environment.
Goldfish produce a hormone, known as somatostatin, that can limit their growth and can keep them from outgrowing their tank.
Somatostatin allows the fish to grow to an appropriate size so that the concentration of wastes produced by the fish do not reach harmful levels in the aquarium.
Explain how limiting growth is advantageous for the goldfish’s survival in a home aquarium.
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— The fish will not outgrow its tank.
— Since there are limited resources in an aquarium, the goldfish will only grow to a size suitable for the tank.
— If the goldfish could not inhibit its growth, it might grow to be too big for its tank and not survive because there aren’t enough resources.
— The concentration of waste in the water does not become harmful to the fish.
Base your answers to questions 46 through 48 on the information below and on your knowledge of science.
A student is setting up an experiment. The student has twenty identical young plants and will try to answer this question: How does the amount of water given to these plants each day affect how tall the plant will grow?
Identify one measurement tool needed for this experiment and describe the type of data measured by this tool. [1]
Measurement tool:
Type of data measured by tool:
Measurement Tool Data Measured by Tool
— ruler— meterstick— tape measure— yardstick
— if plant got taller or larger
— measure height of plants
— graduated cylinder— beaker— measuring cup
— volume of water to add to plants
— amount of soil
— balance
— mass of soil for each planter
— thermometer
— temperature of water
— temperature of environment
Seeds are produced during sexual reproduction. Describe one function of the seeds produced by plants.
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— produces/grows a new plant
— stores food
— provides energy for germinating plants
— germinates into a plant
— dispersal or a description of seed dispersal (carried by wind, water, or animals.)
It takes the Moon approximately 30 days to complete one cycle of the phases.
Determine the number of days between the First Quarter Moon phase and the Last Quarter Moon phase.
Order of phases
New Moon
Waxing Crescent
First Quarter
FULL moon
Waning Gibbous
Last Quarter
Waning Crescent
15 days
Ultraviolet Radiation The Sun’s radiation comes to Earth as many different wavelengths of electromagnetic energy. One form of energy is ultraviolet radiation.
A person’s overexposure to the Sun’s ultraviolet radiation (UV rays) is the biggest risk factor for skin cancer.
Some ultraviolet radiation is absorbed by the ozone layer, which is located in Earth’s atmosphere. This ozone layer provides a natural protection for living organisms.
State one reason why all of the ultraviolet radiation coming toward Earth does not reach Earth’s surface.
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— Ozone absorbs UV rays.
— It’s filtered by the atmosphere.
— Some is reflected back to space.
Canada Lynx
• Found in the colder climates of Canada and Alaska
• Thick, dense fur
• Preys on small animals, such as the snowshoe hare
• Large spaces between teeth so that bite enters prey as deeply as possible
• Wide feet to walk better over snow and ice
Explain why the Canada lynx is classified as a carnivore.
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to: — The Canada lynx eats meat. — It eats snowshoe hares. — It eats animals. — Its prey is an animal. — It does not eat plants.
Rabbits eat only plants and typically feed during the day in open areas such as fields and meadows.
Owls eat only rabbits and other small animals and hunt mainly at night.
Identify one physical adaptation represented in the diagram that helps the rabbit survive in its environment.
Describe how this adaptation helps the rabbit to survive. [1]
Physical adaptation:
Description:
Big Ears-helps hear approaching danger
Regulate body temp
Nose- find food / detect predators
Eyes - see predators from the side
Fur -stay warm/camouflage
Energy Pyramid
Top -Birds-bald eagle, great blue heron, belted kingfisher
Fish-striped bass, large mouth bass
Invertebrates- aquatic insects, crustaceans, clams, snails
Bottom-Phytoplankton-photosynthetic algae
Explain why the bottom of the energy pyramid is larger than the top. [1]
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— Some energy is lost to the surrounding environment as heat at each level, making the top smaller.
— There are a greater number of organisms at the base/bottom of the pyramid.
— The bottom layer of the pyramid has the most food and/or energy.
— As you move up the pyramid, the amount of energy available decreases.
Fungi and bacteria play a role in a ecosystem. Describe the role of fungi and bacteria.
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— They are decomposers.
— They break down dead organisms.
— They recycle nutrients.
— They are saprophytes.
The Sun’s radiation comes to Earth as many different wavelengths of electromagnetic energy. One form of energy is ultraviolet radiation.
A person’s overexposure to the Sun’s ultraviolet radiation (UV rays) is the biggest risk factor for skin cancer.
Some ultraviolet radiation is absorbed by the ozone layer, which is located in Earth’s atmosphere. This ozone layer provides a natural protection for living organisms.
Describe one action a person can take to avoid overexposure to UV radiation.
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— stay inside
— put on sunscreen lotion
— wear protective clothing/hat
— use a beach umbrella
Canada Lynx
1• Found in the colder climates of Canada and Alaska
2• Thick, dense fur
3• Preys on small animals, such as the snowshoe hare
4• Large spaces between teeth so that bite enters prey as deeply as possible
5• Wide feet to walk better over snow and ice
Choose one characteristic from the list that helps the Canada lynx carry out the life process of locomotion.
Allow 1 credit for feet or wide feet.
Organisms are classified as carnivores, omnivores, producers, or herbivores.
Identify the classification of the rabbit and the owl based on how they obtain their food. [1]
Put in order on your board
Rabbit:
Owl:
Allow 1 credit for indicating a rabbit is an herbivore and an owl is a carnivore.
Energy Pyramid
Top -Birds-bald eagle, great blue heron, belted kingfisher
Fish-striped bass, large mouth bass
Invertebrates- aquatic insects, crustaceans, clams, snails
Bottom-Phytoplankton-photosynthetic algae
Explain why invertebrates are placed directly above the phytoplankton in this energy pyramid.
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— The invertebrates listed in the pyramid eat phytoplankton.
— The energy from the phytoplankton is transferred directly to the invertebrates.
— Some invertebrates are herbivores.
Explain how studying fossils supports the theory of evolution. [1]
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— Life-forms can be observed to have changed over time.
— Fossils show similarities to and differences from existing life-forms.
— Organisms that lived later in history can be compared to the organisms from which they
developed by studying fossils.
— Similarities between living and extinct species can be observed.
What disease results from abnormal cell division?
CANCER
Canada Lynx
• Found in the colder climates of Canada and Alaska
• Thick, dense fur
• Preys on small animals, such as the snowshoe hare
• Large spaces between teeth so that bite enters prey as deeply as possible
• Wide feet to walk better over snow and ice
Explain why the population of the Canada lynx in one area may decrease if the population of snowshoe hares decreased in that same area.
Allow 1 credit. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:
— If the snowshoe hare population decreased, the lynx wouldn’t have enough food, so some would
die off.
— Some lynx would go to a different location in search of food.
— fewer prey to eat