The 4 S's
Schlossberg's 4 sets of factors influencing the ability to cope with transition
What are the 4 S's known as situation, self, support, and strategies?
"The internal capacity to define one's beliefs, identity and social relations"
What is Baxter Magolda's definition of Self-Authorship?
Events or nonevents resulting in changed relationships, routines, assumptions and/or roles.
What are transitions?
At what university did Baxter Magolda conduct her 5-year longitudinal study of 51 women and 50 men, the study which later became the foundation for her self-authorship theory?
What is Miami University?
When an individual transitions from one job duty to another.
What is a role change?
Personal/Demographic Characteristics and Psychosocial Resources
What are two aspects of self impacting the ability to manage transition?
Baxter Magolda's stage in which students view the information they receive from higher authority (teachers and parents) as the end all be all truth.
What is Stage 1, absolute knowing?
Reactions over time – Moving in, moving through, and moving out.
What is the Transition Process according to Nancy K. Schlossberg?
receiving knowledge and mastering knowledge
What are the two patterns Baxter Magolda identified within the first stage of absolute knowledge?
Baxter Magolda's guidebook for leading one through a period of reflection and self-authorship.
"Authoring Your Life: Developing an Internal Voice to Navigate Life's Challenges"
Acceptance, Self-Esteem, Love and Physical Intimacy, Personal & Work Connection, Stimulation and Challenge, Role Models & Guidance, and Comfort and Assistance
What are some examples found in the "support" factor within Schlossberg’s Transition Model?
Baxter Magolda's third element of self-authorship during which one trusts their core beliefs and acts upon them.
What is "securing internal commitments?"
an individual's perception of the transition, characteristics of the pre-transition and post-transition environments, and characteristics of the individual experiencing the transition
What are three variables that impact adaption to transition?
Baxter Magolda's phase towards self-authorship in which an individual realizes the need to develop core beliefs based on their own ideas
What are "crossroads?"
utility
What is a major strength of Baxter Magolda's work?
trigger, timing, control, role change, duration, previous experience, concurrent stress, and assessment
What is "situation" in Scholssberg's Transition Theory?
Multiple stressors impacting one's ability to cope with transition
What is concurrent stress?
no current available formal assessment provided for conducting quantitative research
What is a limitation for Schlossberg’s Transition Theory?
trusting the internal voice, building an internal foundation, and securing internal commitments
What are the three elements of self-authorship?
1.Approaching Change
2.Taking Stock
3.Taking Charge
According to Schlossberg, what are the three components of the transition process?
1. modifying the situation
2. controlling the meaning
3. managing stress after transition
What are three coping mechanisms within the strategy factor in Schlossberg's model of transition?
The evolution of assumptions about the nature, limits, and certainty of knowledge
What is the epistemological dimension of self-authorship?
1. Relationship building: helper listens
2. Assessment: helper uses 4 S’s to assess the environment, internal resources, external resources, and current coping skills.
3. Goal setting: helper uses 4 S’s to set goals related to the 4 S’s assessed.
4. Interventions: reframing or changing interpretation of the meaning of the situation. Conducting assessment of individual assets, problem-solving strategies.
5. Termination and follow-up: Review what has happened and plan for the next steps.
What are the 5 stages of the Cormier and Hackney Counseling Model?
A compilation of annual interviews with 228 students at six college campuses, that provided supportive evidence in favor of the self-authorship theory
What is the Wabash National Study of Liberal Arts Education?
This theorist found more commonalities than differences between men's and women's ways of knowing.
Who is Marcia B. Baxter Magolda?