Case Concepts
What is a pathogen?
Preventing a disease or disorder before it happens.
What is primary prevention?
An infected person or animal that contains, spreads, or harbors an infectious organism.
What is a carrier?
It's the uninterrupted and immediate transfer of an infectious agent from one person to another which requires physical contact.
What is direct transmission?
It's a epidemic that affects or attacks the population of an extensive region, country, or continent.
What is a pandemic?
the first disease case in the population in an epidemic.
What is a primary case?
Screening to identify diseases before symptoms are shown
What is secondary prevention?
It's a nonliving object like a door handle or a utensil that can harbor an infectious agent and and is capable of being a means of transmission.
when an agent is transferred or carried by some intermediate item, organism, means, or process to a host, resulting in disease. (dust particles, food, water)
What is indirect transmission?
It's the occurrence of cases of an illness that is in excess of normal expectancy in a community or region.
A person in a population who has been identified as having a particular disease, disorder, injury, or condition.
What is a case?
It's the efforts to limit disability by providing rehabilitation where disease, injury, or a disorder has already occurred and caused damaged.
What is tertiary prevention?
It's a invertebrate animal like ticks and mosquitos that transmits infection by conveying the infectious agent from one host to another.
What is a vector?
It's when droplets or dust particles carry the pathogen to the host and cause infection (pneumonia, rubella, respiratory viruses).
What is airborne transmission?
Is an ongoing, usual, or constant presence of a disease in a community or among a group of people.
What is an endemic?
an individual or group of individuals who has all the signs and symptoms of a disease but has not been diagnosed as having the disease
What is a suspect case?
Is a behavior change on the part of the individual that prevents a disease or disorder before it happens like exercising and not smoking.
What is active primary prevention?
Is the habitat (living or nonliving) in or on which an infectious agent lives, grows, and multiplies, and on which it depends for its survival in nature.
What is a reservoir?
It's when an arthropod like mosquito and ticks conveys the infectious agent.
What is vector-borne transmission?
Is a type of infectious-disease that arises from a specific source.
What is a common-source epidemic?
the first disease case brought to the attention of the epidemiologist.
What is an index case?
What is passive primary prevention?
It's an infectious organism in vertebrate animals like the rabies virus and Ebola virus that can be transmitted to humans through direct contact, a fomite, or a vector.
What is zoonosis?
It's the transfer of a pathogen to a susceptible host by a vector, with the pathogen undergoing reproduction, development changes, or both while in the vector.
What is biological transmission?
A type of infectious-disease that arises from infections transmitted from one infected person to another.
What is a propagated epidemic?