1
The sun is how old?
4.6 Billion Years old
Nebulae consist of what two gases?
Hydrogen and helium
Name the four rocky, terrestrial planets.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars
All solar systems start as clouds of dust and gas called what?
Nebulae
Name the four gas giants.
Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, and Uranus
As a nebula spins, the dust and rock collide together creating what?
Planetesimals
Globules form and create a what in the center of the nebula?
Sun
Where is the sun's energy made?
Core
How long does it take for light to travel from the sun to the Earth?
8.3 minutes
Hydrogen and helium
What are sunspots?
Darker, cooler areas on the sun
What did Kepler's 1st law of planetary motion simply state?
The orbits of planets are in an elliptical motion (oval) around the sun
When did the universe theoretically form?
Around 14 Billion Years ago
What is the name for the creation of the universe?
Big Bang Theory
What are the 3 layers of the Earth?
Core, Mantle, Crust
Bursts of energy emit from the sun due to hydrogen and helium fusing together is called what?
Nuclear fusion
What is the revolution of a planet (such as the Earth)?
Rotation on its orbit around the sun that takes the Earth 365.24 days
Rotation on its axis giving Earth night and day
What are solar flares?
Hotter regions on the sun that emit intense energy into space that can affect Earth's radio transmissions
Heat and radiation caused the rocks and dust to melt together which created the Earth. The Earth is still cooling down which is what causes what?
Volcanoes, hot springs, and earthquakes
Earth consists of what 3 main gases and what percentages?
78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% argon
What is an example of a natural satellite?
Moon
What are artificial or natural bodies that revolve around larger bodies called?
Satellites
The law that objects are attracted to one another depending on their mass and distance from each other is called what?
Law of Universal Gravitation
Who discovered the Law of Universal Gravitation?
Isaac Newton