Burns
The fluid most frequently used in burn patients.
What is Lactated Ringers
What population is at highest risk for SCI?
Younger age
Drug/alcohol use
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True or False: To qualify for palliative care a person must have less than 6 months to live.
False
What vent setting would be ideal to increase to help increase oxygenation?
PEEP
Which 3 blood products are used for treatment of hemophilia?
What is Factor concentrate, FFP, Cryoprecipitate
What labs diagnose septic shock?
Lactic >4, procalcitonin
Prior to administering succinylcholine, what lab would take priority for you want to check.
What is Potassium
What is a sign of pulmonary involvement with burns
What is singed nasal hair/burns to neck/burns to chest/burns to throat
How often should someone in a wheelchair adjust their body position to avoid skin breakdown?
Every 15 minutes
What is an early sign of a change in level of consciousness?
Restlessness
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What 3 processes happen in the pathophysiology of ARDS?
Inflammation, alveoli collapse, vascular permeability
or
impaired gas exchange, decreased lung compliance, pulmonary hypertension
How do you treat DIC?
What is aggressively treat the underlying cause/heparin/blood products
Hemodynamically, how does neurogenic shock differ from others
neurogenic has low BP and low HR
Others have low BP and high HR
The nurse draws which lab to check therapeutic effect when administering a heparin drip?
What is PTT
There is no pain with this type of burn.
What is full-thickness burn
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What is the most common cause of autonomic dysreflexia?
Bladder distention
What is the right of competent adults to make informed decisions about their own medical care
Autonomy
What does a P/F ratio of 94 mean
severe mortality rate.
<100-severe
100-200- moderate
>200 minimal
What position may help reduce chest pain in a patient with pericarditis?
Sitting up and leaning forward.
Fluid volume is not affected by this type of shock
What is cardiogenic shock
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What class of medication is first line treatment for acute idiopathic pericarditis?
NSAIDS
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The lab report reveals the following lab values: ABG PH 7.33 Hematocrit 50% Potassium 6.2 Sodium 135 Which value requires immediate reporting to the PCP?
What is potassium
What word could you use describe the affected muscles during spinal shock. It's a keyword we discussed in class to clue you in.
Flaccid
Give examples of medical management to decrease ICP
Diuretics
Fluid restrictions
Reducing metabolic demands
Controlling fever
Draining CSF
Upon auscultating the chest of a patient with ARDS with a stethoscope what abnormal breath sounds would you expect to hear?
What is Crackles
What sound would you likely hear when auscultating heart tones on a patient with cardiac tamponade?
muffled or distant hear tones.
What are three things the nurse would monitor related to cardiac function?
What is rhythm, rate, blood pressure, CVP, capillary refill, skin color and temperature?
What are at least two complications of Mannitol?
Dehydration
Fluid overload
Electrolyte imbalance
Which vital sign is most indicative of fatality?
What is temperature less than 97.7
What level of injury puts a person at risk for autonomic dysreflexia?
T6 or above
What procedure to drain CSF is avoided in a patient with ICP and why?
Lumbar puncture, increases risk of brain herniation.
How do you treat ARDS?
Ultimately, the goal of treatment is to provide breathing support & treat the cause of ARDS. This may involve medicines to treat infections, reduce inflammation, & remove fluid from the lungs. A ventilator is used to deliver high doses of oxygen and positive pressure to the damaged lungs. People often need to be deeply sedated with medicines. During treatment, health care providers make every effort to protect the lungs from further damage. Treatment is mainly supportive until the lungs recover.
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What ECG findings are indicative of acute pericarditis?
ST segment elevation in multiple leads.
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What is the best position for a patient in hypovolemic shock
Modified trendelenburg
supine with legs raised
What medication class is Dopamine and Dobutamine?
What is positive inotrope
A client presents to the emergency department with BSA of 80%. The nurse notices on assessment the clients left leg is slightly bigger than the right. The clients leg is cold and doppler is used to find pulse. What is your biggest concern?
What is compartment syndrome
For testing purposes what level of spinal cord injury most likely requires mechanical ventilation?
C3 or above
Name the three abnormal postures we discussed in lecture.
Decerebrate
Decorticate
Flaccid
What are 2 clinical manifestations of ARDS
What is lack of bilateral infiltrates? (White out xray)
refractory hypoxemia
BNP <200
Cau
What are a 2 symptoms of RIGHT sided heart failure?
Lower extremity pitting edema
JVD
Ascites
Hepatomegaly
What do positive inotropic agents do?
Increase the rate and improve the force of heart contractions
What class of medication is first-line treatment in heart failure and is shown to reduce symptoms, provide increased kidney protection, and slow progression of HF?
ACE inhibitors