Since time immemorial
First contact to colonization
1800s
Treaty Period
Modern times
100
Between 15,000 and 13,000 yrs. Before Present era, these floods brought massive walls of water, ice, and rock down the Columbia and neighboring valleys of Oregon. The Umatilla and Kalapuya people tell stories of escaping huge floods by climbing sacred mountains.
What are the Missoula Floods?
100
Since 1942 non Native American developed ideas that justify the taking of Indigenous lands around the world
What is the Colonization period?
100
Established by Lewis and Clark in the winter of 1805, this Fort is located in present day Astoria
What is Fort Clatsop?
100
In 1846, the United States and Great Britain signed this treaty, which gave the United States full claim to the lower Oregon Territory
What is the Oregon Treaty?
100
This act, 1934 was passed by US Congress stated that Native American people could begin taking care of their own affairs again, and encouraged to reorganize their government
What is the Wheeler Howard Act (Indian Reorganization Act)?
200
In/around 9,000 yrs Before Present era, Indigenous people visiting this cave in eastern Oregon left behind dozen of pairs of sandals that were later rediscovered by archeologists in 1938 there are some of the oldest surviving shoes in the world
What is the Fort Rock cave?
200
Around the year 1500 Present Era, a landslide buries this village at Ozette on the Olympic Peninsula preserving over 50,000 artifacts, including nets, looms and many other items.
What is the Makah Village?
200
From the 1810s to 1830s this virtually exterminated the beaver population of the Tualatin Valley (Beavers are sacred animals in local traditions)
What are trading posts established for fur trade?
200
This 1850 act passed by Congress allowed settlers to keep their land claim made under the provisional government's land ordinance law and gave new settlers 320-acre (640-acre for married couples) claims once they entered Oregon Territory.
What is the Oregon Donation Land Act?
200
Between 1953 and 1988 Congress passed several termination acts that terminated 109 Native American Governments, affected 1,362,155 acres of land and over 11,000 Native American people
What is termination and relocation?
300
Created between 4,000 - 200 yrs Before Present, the local Tribal communities in the southern Willamette valley created these sacred large, oval shaped earth mounds
What are the Kalapuya mounds?
300
In 1537, this document declared Indians to be considered human and allowed to own property
What is Pope Paul's III Declaration of 1537?
300
In 1823, the Supreme Court gave sovereignty of Native American lands to England and the United States. Native Americans had the right to occupy the land but christian nations (England & US) have superior power over the "inferior"culture and religion of Native Americans. According to the court, Native American were compensated for their stolen lands with the "gift of christianity"
What is the Discovery Doctrine?
300
This act in 1887 created procedures to take, dividing and giving away parcels of native land. The remaining land was then sold to any non natives. This was used to greatly decrease reservation lands, including Colville, Grande Ronde, and Siletz
What is the Dawes Allotment Act?
300
From 1975 to present US congress shifted the management from federal program to tribal governments. Tribal sovereignty was affirmed in 1972 with the Indian Self Determination Act
What is self determination?
400
1450 Present era, this Chinookan village would grow to about 800 people, is founded near present Ridgefield, WA. This would become the best-preserved and studied of the 55 known Chinookan villages on the Lower Columbia
What is the Cathlapotle village?
400
In 1787 this Ordinance stated that Indian territories in the Northwest were protected and not to be taken without permission
What is the Northwest Ordinance?
400
Coined in 1845 this phrase expressed the philosophy that powered the 19th century US Territorial expansion. Manifest Destiny was the idea the United States was destined by God to expand westward spreading capitalism across the entire North American continent
What is Manifest Destiny?
400
This treaty was negotiated on January 22, 1855, at Dayton. Under the treaty, the tribes of the Willamette Valley chose to confederate.
Kalapuyans, Santiam, Tualatin, Yamhill, Ahanchuyuk, Lackmiute, Mary’s River (Chelamela), Mohawk (Pee-you), Winfelly, and Calapooia, the Northern Molala, Santiam Molala, and Clackamas Chinook (Clowewalla, Watlala [Cascades], and Multnomah).
Immediately following the treaty, Palmer established temporary reservations throughout the valley, at St. Helens, Spores ranch (Creswell), Corvallis, Molala, and Santiam and on Palmer’s property in Dayton. Settler farmers were appointed special Indian agents to feed and care for the people.
What is the Willamette Valley Treaty
400
Deb Haaland - Dine
Who is the current Secretary of Interior?
500
9,000 yrs Before Present era, an ancestor of upper Columbia plateau tribes dies and is buried along the Columbia River near modern-day Kenniwick, WA. His bones would be exposed by erosion in 1996. After a court fight, his remains were returned to his closest relatives: the tribes of Colville, Yakama, Nez Perce, Umatilla and the Wanapum Band of Priest Rapids. 
Who is the Kennewick man?
500
From May 14 of 1805 to September 23 of 1806 Present era, this expedition took over 2 years to complete and ended in present day Astoria, Oregon
What is the Lewis and Clark expedition?
500
This ruling by Chief Justice Marshall stated that Indians do not own land.
Marshall declared that the United States, upon winning its independence in 1776, became a successor nation to the right of ‘discovery’ and acquired the power of dominion from Great Britain.
Therefore all Native American land claims were null and void. As recently as 2005, Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg cited the Doctrine of Discovery in rejecting land-claims by the Oneidas, one of the six nations of the Haudenosaunee.
What is the Johnson v. M'Intosh decision of 1823?
500
- Burns Paiute Tribe
- Confederated Tribes of the Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians of Oregon
- Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon
- Confederated Tribes of the Siletz Reservation
- Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation
- Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon
- Coquille Indian Tribe
- Cow Creek Band of Umpqua Tribe of Indians
- Klamath Tribes
What are the 9 federally recognized tribal communities of Oregon?
500
This U.S. federal law and a joint resolution of Congress that was passed in 1978. It was created to protect and preserve the traditional religious rights and cultural practices of American Indians, Eskimos, Aleuts and Native Hawaiians. This Act was necessary because of a long history in the U.S. that directed policies and practices that either banned or severely limited the ability of Native Americans to maintain their spiritual, cultural and other lifeway practices, including ceremonies, rites and other practices of importance. In some cases, punishment directed at Native Americans was severe when attempts were made to continue these sacred lifeways. An important aspect of these deliberate efforts revolved around the ongoing desire to convert Native American tribes to Christianity, learn English and adopt a Western set of values and way of life
What is the American Indian Religious Freedom Act?