Leaders
The powerful leader and face of anti-apartheid
Who was Nelson Mandela?
Known as "Spear of the Nation" in Zulu. This was the violent part to ANC in the 1960s.
What was MK?
Known as the Bill for Africa in which enforced segregation of native Africans, created a labor tax, and forced Xhosa men to work on farms/industry
What was the Glen Gray Act?
This event was so successful for the Dutch that the British want to more inland and overtake the diamond and gold.
What was the Mineral Revolution?
Groups that consisted of "the outsiders"
Who were the Dutch and British?
This leader founded the Black Consciousness Movement which wanted increased rights and an end to apartheid and was based on the Black Power Movement in the USA
Who was Steve Biko?
Organization Created by Gandhi and used satyagraha or "the struggle for truth" with their nonviolent resistance against white discrimination
What is South African Indian Congress?
This 1962 act gave the government the power to arrest anyone it believed to be a threat to security to the country. Gives reason to arrest Mandela in 1963
What was the Sabotage Act?
Occurred in 1976 when students had a massive protest against the Afrikaans but ended with horrific violence by the military
What was the Soweto uprising?
This word's translation meant "time of troubles" when the Dutch took land with violence from the Africans in the 1800s
What was Mfecane?
Who was Pres. De Klerk?
This organization was established after WWII in order to ensure that another World War would never occur again and that nations could be united in discussing and solving issues together. Assisted in ending apartheid by countries passing economic and military sanctions against South Africa
What is the United Nations?
Act that created three official races in South Africa to which all residents would be assigned to
What was the Population Registration Act?
1960 uprising when the Africans refused to carry their pass books and overcrowded the prisons
What was Sharpeville?
This word means "separate" or "apartness in English
What is apartheid?
Who was Jan van Riebeeck?
What was Pan African Congress?
This act forced people who lived in cities and towns to live in areas called townships that were either all white or all black
What is the Group Areas Act?
Name of this trial when Mandela and others admitted they were involved in sabotage and were investigating the possibility of guerilla warfare. He would be found guilty.
What was the Rivonia Trial
This means "pure" or "independent" in Xhosa. It was the militant wing for the Pan Africanist Congress
What was Poqo?
Current President of South Africa?
President Ramaphosa?
These organizations (PLURAL) created the Congress Alliance. This alliance helped to then create the famous and important Freedom Charter in 1955
What were the ANC, SAIC, South African Coloured Peoples Organization and the SA Congress of Trade Unions? (need to have gotten at least 3 out of the 4
This act was created in response to the Defiance Campaign. This act provided the framework for the government to declare states of emergency and use violence by whatever means necessary
What was the Public Safety Act?
December 16, 1838...the Dutch believed God granted the trekboers the power to conquer the Africans...it was a sacred covenant for this battle
What was the Battle of Blood River?
Name of the boy who was massacred in the Soweto Uprising....the picture of him taken was what made Mandela say, "ENOUGH".
Who was Hector Pieterson?