Cell Division
Which stage of the cell cycle includes Growth 1, DNA synthesis, and Growth 2?
interphase
How do some chemicals increase the risk of a person getting cancer?
by causing cell mutations
What is the mRNA sequence is produced from this DNA section for a section of DNA has these bases: TAG CAG TAC
AUC GUC AUG
Waxes create a waterproof layer on the outside of some living organisms. To which group of organic molecules do waxes belong?
lipids
Plant cells are able to produce their own food. This process happens in which structure?
chloroplast
Which of the following events during meiosis contributes MOST to the variation within a species?
segregation of alleles
Which transgenic organism has been used to clean up oil spills?
bacteria
What is the difference between the DNA of a dog and the DNA of a fly?
the sequence of nucleotides
What is the role of DNA in the production of proteins?
DNA contains the instructions used to make proteins.
How does sweating during exercise maintains homeostasis?
It regulates body temperature.
During the process of meiosis, two sister chromatids for chromosome 3 do not separate. Which type of mutation is most likely involved?
nondisjunction
What will most likely happen if a nonnative species is introduced into a stable ecosystem?
The native species will have to compete for resources with the nonnative species, and the ecosystem will become unbalanced.
Which effect could a mutation in mRNA have on the production of proteins?
The protein produced will have a different identity.
A contractile vacuole helps protists eliminate excess liquid. This is a “pumping" process which reduces pressure inside the cell and prevents the cell from bursting. What is most likely the source of energy for this process?
ATP
What would most likely be produced when a cell with eight chromosomes undergoes mitosis?
two cells with eight chromosomes each
The chemical colchicine disrupts cell division. Which cell process would most likely stop if colchicine were added to a culture of human liver cells?
mitosis
How does a population experience variation in traits?
through mutations and genetic recombination
What carries the instructions for making amino acids in a protein?
nitrogen bases
Why does the rate of a biochemical reaction decreases at high temperatures?
The shape of the enzyme changes.
What cells in the human body is specialized to transport oxygen throughout the body?
Blood cells
Crossing over between chromosomes occurs during which phase of meiosis?
prophase I
Genetically identical plants will produce either pink flowers or blue flowers, depending on the type of soil in which they are planted. What is most likely the explanation for the differences in flower color?
Environmental factors affect flower color
Why must DNA replication have to occur before a cell can divide by mitosis?
to maintain the same number of chromosomes in the daughter cells as in the parent cell
Salivary amylase is an enzyme in humans that breaks down starches. What substance would humans have difficulty digesting without this enzyme?
carbohydrates
How can cells from the same organism have such different shapes and functions?
During differentiation, different parts of the DNA in each type of cell are activated, resulting in the different structure and function of the cells.