avoiding the ?
I am irrelevant information that’s shared to distract the audience
I refer to people as the authority on the topic
Appeal to the People
“What! You’re telling me to go on a diet? What about you? You’re seventy pounds overweight!”
Ad Hominem
if everything is true, part of me is true
Whole-to-Part
You have to choose between two options!
Either/Or
I appeal to someone with no special knowledge or authority on the topic
Faulty Appeal to Authority
I change and exaggerate points...especially the points that my opponent is making
Straw Man
“I know every body thinks Einstein’s theory of relativity is correct, but I can‘t accept it. Einstein didn’t comb his hair.”
Red Herring
I am a question with another, hidden question
Loaded Question
If part of me is true, all of me must be true!
Part to Whole
I attack my opponent
Ad Hominem
I dismiss my opponents viewpoint if/when he is inconsistent in that area
Tu Quoque
“How can deforestation be bad when there are so many good uses for wood?”
Red Herring
I assume that taking one step will result in the need to take many more steps
Slipper slope
Throw out your valuables or I’ll shoot!
Either/Or
I make my audience think that I (or my topic) is the exception
Special Pleading
“Nearly everyone I know thinks Hannah is a liar”
Appeal to the People
“You disagree with the dea of women in the military just because of your conservative upbringing!”
Genetic Fallacy
If one thing is true, the other things is also true…
Circular Reasoning
“I don’t think that I could go wrong in investing in the Integrated Tweezer Company. Everybody’s doing it!”
Part to Whole
I attack how the argument has started
Genetic Fallacy
“Religion is a bunch of baloney. It all comes from chemical reactions in the brain.”
Genetic Fallacy
”I heard obnoxious music, so I took action. Playing loud music in town is against the law, isn’t it?”
Appeal to Authority
I change the meaning of the word in the middle of the argument
Equivocation
“Which one of you left the pasture gate open and let all the cows out?”
Loaded Question