A
True or False: 40% of mass is water in living organisms
False - it's 80%
Shape offers least resistance to fluid flow - flattened body and tapering back end
What is streamlining?
A process by which materials move through fluids by random molecular movement from areas of high concentration to low concentration becoming evenly distributed.
What is diffusion?
Water molecules move from less concentrated to more concentrated solutions
What is osmosis?
–Organisms withstand large variation in salinity.
–Typically live in coastal waters, for example, estuaries
What is euryhaline?
Name 2 adaptations of marine organisms to resist sinking
Appendages, small size, oil, blubber etc
–Organisms withstand small variation in temperature.
–Typically live in open ocean
What is stenothermal?
–Organisms withstand large variation in temperature.
–Typically live in coastal waters
What is eurythermal?
–Organisms withstand only small variation in salinity.
–Typically live in open ocean
What is stenohaline?
seawater has lower salinity than organism’s fluids
What is hypertonic?
A property of a substance to offer resistance to flow caused by internal friction
What is viscosity?
Fill in the blanks:
Marine fish drink ______ and pee _______.
a lot a little
True or false:
Oxygen moves into fish gills through a process called osmosis.
False
Daily migration of many marine organisms to deeper, darker parts of ocean
What is the deep scattering layer?
Adjusts buoyancy and allows fish to regulate depth
What is swim bladder?
True or False: Warm water plankton have more appendages than cold water plankton
True
Ability to biologically produce light
Bioluminescent
–Only zone to support photosynthesis
–Dissolved oxygen decreases around 200 meters
What is epipelagic?
True or False: Water pressure increases about 10 atmospheres (ATMs) every 10 meters
Zone where you find small but measurable quantities of light
Where do you find the oxygen minimum layer?
Very bottom of mesopelagic - almost where it meets the bathypelagic
The ocean temperature is more stable than land for 4 reasons
–Higher heat capacity of water
–Ocean warming reduced by evaporation
–Solar radiation penetrates deeply into ocean layers.
–Ocean mixing
75% of living space in oceanic province
What are bathypelagic and abyssopelagic zones?
–Zone that is below 6000 meters
–Only deep trenches on continental margins
What is hadal zone?
Zone where you find the transition from land to sea floor above spring high tide line; spray zone
What is the supralittoral zone?