Medications HTN
This medication lowers BP by reducing the resorption of Na and H2O by the kidneys; thus lowering the circulating fluid volume.
What is a diuerectic?
This is the most common, yet easily treated, side-effect associated with thiazide and loop diuretics.
What is hypokalemia?
Hypertension can cause Nephrosclerosis (chronic kidney disease), what are some indicative lab values you might see for this?
What is albuminuria, proteinuria, microscopic hematuria, high serum creatine, elevated BUN?
Ways to increase medication compliance.
What is: -education -teaching self-monitoring -minimizing side effects -collaborative relationship -simplify the routine?
The DASH diet acronym stands for this.
What is "Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension"?
Common side effects of antihypertensive drugs:
What is orthostatic hypertension, loss of libido, ED, dry mouth, and frequent voiding (diuretics)?
These are two reasons a patient may be changed from an ACE - Inhibitor to an ARB and/or diuretic.
What are a dry, persistent cough and angioedema? Another reason to change from an ACE - may be poor response in African-American or elderly patients. They may then start an ARB and/or diuretic with better response and fewer side effects.
The patient is prescribed a potassium-sparing diuretic so the nurse knows to monitor the patient's labs for hyperkalemia. Normal lab values for K+ are defined as _____.
What is 3.5–5.0 mmol/L?
First-line drug therapy for heart failure.
What are diuretics?
Foods you would encourage your patient to eat on the DASH diet.
What are fruits, veggies, fat-free/low-fat milk dairy products, whole grains, fish, poultry, nuts?
These are the 3 categories of diuretics.
What is thiazide, loop and K sparing?
This food should not be consumed when taking Calcium Channel Blocker.
What is grapefruit juice? The interaction of grapefruit and Calcium Channel Blockers intensify the drug's effect.
Chronic hypertension can lead to Nephrosclerosis. The nurse knows that assessing serum creatinine and BUN is important when assessing kidney function. Normal creatinine and BUN is defined as _____________.
Creatinine: 0.7–1.4 mg/100 mL
BUN: 10–20 mg/100 mL
BUN & Creatinine will be elevated with kidney disease.
Side effects of Digoxin.
What are fatigue, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting?
Digoxin toxicity: The classic features of digoxin toxicity are nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, headache, dizziness, confusion, delirium, vision disturbance (blurred or yellow vision).
The recommended amount of sodium intake for a person with hypertension or at risk.
What is less than 1500 mg/day?
Salty foods to avoid: bread, pizza, soup, cured meats (pepperoni, bacon)
** read labels (ex: toothpaste w/ baking soda)
Types of activities/things that you should tell your patient to avoid when taking vasodilation drugs.
What is avoiding hot baths/saunas, excessive amounts of alcohol, strenuous activities?
This class of antihypertensive medications should be used with caution in clients that have a known history of asthma, because at higher doses they can cause bronchoconstriction.
What are non-selective Beta Blockers?
Throw the first urine away and collect subsequent urine samples over the next 24 hours.
What is a 24 hour urine for creatinine clearance?
Diabetics should be cautious of this side-effect of Beta-Blockers.
What is masked hypoglycemia?
Target Organs Affected by Untreated Hypertension are ____. Problems that can occur are __________.
What is - Heart failure, TIA and/or cerebral vascular accident, Renal failure, Retina/Visual impairment, and blindness?
What are the most common vasodilators?
This drug class is better known for its use in heart failure, although it is also used to lower blood pressure.
What are beta-blockers?
A reading of the electrical activity of the heart's conduction system.
What is an ECG reading?
This class of medications used to treat hypertension acts by inhibiting the movement of calcium into vascular and smooth muscle.
What are Calcium channel blockers?
The goal blood pressure for patients with hypertension.
What is <130/80?