Mutations
Any change in an organism's genetic material.
What is a mutation?
Using special techniques to control the genetic makeup of an organism is called this.
What is genetic engineering?
Dolly the sheep
What is an example of a cloned animal?
Stem cells
What cells have the ability to become many different types of cells?
a lethal mutation
What is a mutation that results in the death of an organism called?
It can be used to make medicinal products for humans, used to produce pest resistant crops, used to make seedless watermelons and seedless grapes.
What are three potential benefits of genetic engineering?
A farmer may do this to ensure tastier fruit from a new tree.
Why might a farmer choose to clone a tree rather than let it reproduce sexually?
To become a doctor, a student must take special classes, take premed in college, and go to medical school.
What is a process that is similar to a cell's differentiation?
Germ mutations can do this but somatic mutations cannot.
Which mutations can be passed on to the offspring?
inbreeding
What is breeding an animal with its close relatives called?
Identical twins
What is an example of cloned humans?
stem cells that come from the already-differentiated tissues of adults or children
What are somatic stem cells?
Biotechnology
What is the use of living organisms to create a new, more desirable organism called?
What are two differences between humans and all other organisms?
planarians and jellyfish
What are examples of natural clones in the animal kingdom?
These come from human embryos.
What are embryonic stem cells?
People with Down syndrome have three copies of chromosome number 21 instead of the normal two copies. This is an example of this term.
What is ploidy?
Possible ill effects on human health or on the environment.
What are drawbacks to genetic engineering?
The Human Genome Project did not produce this.
What is a map of which genes control which traits?
This requires the death of embryos.
What is the primary ethical problem surrounding human embryonic stem cell research?