Geologic time scale
The law of superposition states that within a sequence of layers of sedimentary rock, the oldest layer is at the _____ (base/top) and the youngest layer is at the _____ (base/top). 最古老的沉积岩在_____，最年轻的在_____。
base; top
He is known as the Father of Evolution
Darwin
According to Charles Darwin this is the driving force of evolution.
Natural selection
Give one example of evolution in nature.
Peppered moths, horses, different beaks of finches, and many more
Preserved remains of ancient organisms are known as _______ 保留的古代生物体残骸叫做_____
Fossil 化石
The process in which a species has changed over time is known as _______
evolution
The name of the ship Darwin and his crew voyaged on?达尔文坐的船的名字
H.M.S. Beagle 小猎犬
What characteristic did Darwin observe about the finches（雀） on the Galapagos Islands?
beakers 喙
The 'Age of Dinosaurs' is in the ______ Era.
Hint: Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, or Cenozoic?
Mesozoic era 中生代
When an organism completely dies out, it is called.....
extinction
The presence of different traits within members of a species is known as _________
一个物种中的不同特征叫做_______
variation 变种
Why did the population of peppered moths change?
the industrial revolution, smoke, trees turning black, the mutated black moths were able to survive and reproduce better and their population grew.
Why the color changes within peppered moths is unique in studying evolution? 为什么白桦尺蛾的例子在进化上很特殊？
It occurs fast (~50 years), while most changes in species happen over hundreds of thousands of years.
Similar structures that evolved from a common ancestor such as bones humans, cats, bats, and whales have in common.
Hint: homologous, analogous or vestigial structure?
homologous
Published in 1859, Charles Darwin’s book _________ changed biology forever.
The Origin of Species 物种起源
Body structures on different organisms that are similar in function but did not evolve from the same ancestor (bird wing and butterfly wing)
Hint: homologous, analogous or vestigial structure?
analogous structure
The concept that organisms who are the best suited to their environment will be the most successful 最适应环境的生物会最为成功，这个思想叫_____
Natural selection 自然选择
Structures that have no apparent function and appear to be residual parts from a past ancestor
Hint: homologous, analogous or vestigial structure?
Vestigial
The evolution of thicker fur in a population of deer is an example of ________.
Hint: the word starts with the letter "A"
Adaptation 适应性
Animals and plants can change as a ______________ but not as an individual.
species