LABS
24 hr urinalysis with proteinuria (>2+ on a dipstick); hyaline casts, few RBC's and oval fat bodies.
What are lab test findings for Nephrotic Syndrome?
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis.
What is a risk factor for Acute Glomerulonephritis?
Teach family about administration and side effects of diuretics and antihypertensive medications; encourage family and child to avoid contact with others who are ill.
What is client education for acute glomerulonephritis?
Teach family to avoid undercooked meat, especially ground beef; avoid unpasteurized apple juice and unwashed raw vegetables; avoid alpha sprouts; avoid public pools; no antimotility medications for diarrhea; support child and family regarding severity of illness.
What is client education for Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome?
Prednisone.
What is a corticosteroid used for children who have Nephrotic Syndrome?
Throat culture for possible streptococcus, urinalysis with proteinuria, smoky or tea-colored urine, hematuria, increased specific gravity; elevated BUN and creatinine, antistreptonlysin O (ASO) titer positive indicator for the presence of streptococcal antibodies.
What are lab tests and findings for Acute Glomerulonephritis?
Recent upper respirtatory infection or streptococcal infection.
Encourage client to verbalize feelings related to body image; educate regarding appropriate dietary management; encourage rest; educate family about need for follow-up care; teach family how to monitor BP, daily weight and protein in urine; inform of strategies to decrease risk of infection.
What is client education for nephrotic syndrome?
No evidence that heparin, corticosteroids, or fibrinolytic agents are beneficial.
What are medications for Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome?
Furosemide.
What is a diuretic that can be used in children with Nephrotic Syndrome and Acute Glomerulonephritis?
What are laboratory tests for Hemolytic uremic sydnrome?
Weight gain over a period of days or weeks; facial and periorbital edema; decreased throughout the day; ascites; edema to lower extremities and genetalia; anorexia; diarrhea; irritability; lethargy; decreased frothy urine; BP wnl or slightly low.
What are expected findings of Nephrotic Syndrome?
Children with normal BP and urine output can be managed at home; monitor I&O, daily weights, vital signs, neurologic status (observe for behavior changes); manage fluid restrictions as prescribed, monitor for skin breakdown.
What is nursing care for Acute Glomerulonehpritis?
Acute renal disease characterized by acute renal failure, hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia.
What is Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome or HUS?
Antihypertensives.
What is a medication used in children with Acute Glomerulonephritis?
Serum chemistry reveals hypoalbuminemia, hypolipidemia, hemoconcentration, possible hyponatremia and normal to high GFR.
What are lab tests for Nephrotic Syndrome?
Occurs after prodromal period of diarrhea and vomiting; occasionally occurs after varicella, measles, or a UTI; loss of appetite; irritability; lethargy; pallor; bruising, purpura, or rectal bleeding; anuric and hypertensive in severe form; urinary output reduced or increased.
What are expected findings of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome?
Provide rest, monitor I&O and monitor urine for protein; monitor vital signs; monitor daily weight; monitor edema and measure abdominal girth daily; monitor and prevent infection (ensure care to help avoid pulmonary infection, monitor vitals especially for temperature changes); cluster care; encourage nutritional intake- avoid salt with edema; assess for skin breakdown.
What is nursing care for Nephrotic Syndrome?
One of the main causes of acute renal failure in early childhood. The breakdown of red blood cells clog the kidneys.
What is Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome?
25% albumin.
Antihyalurnidase (AHase), Antideoxyribonuclease B, Antistreptokinase, Antideoxyribonuclease B, Serum Complement - decreases initially; increases as recovery takes place; returns to normal 8-10 weeks post glomerulonephritis
What are other lab test for Acute Glomerulonephritis?
peak incidence 6mos to 3years; toxins enter the bloodstream and destroy red blood cells; can have diarrhea positive or diarrhea negative for e.coli.
What are risk factors for Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome?
Monitor I&O; obtain daily weights; administer fluid replacement; treat hypertension; correct acidosis and electrolyte imbalances; monitor CNS for seizure activity and stupor; blood transfusions with fresh, washed packed cells for severe anemia; for child anuric for 24 hr or having oliguria with uremia or hypertension and seizures- hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, continuous hemofiltration.
What is nursing care for Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome?
What are risk factors for Nephrotic Syndrome?
Cyclophosphamide.
What is a medication used in children who cannot tolerate Prednisone or who have repeated relapses of MCNS?