1
What is high-energy radiation that is produced by the collision of a beam of electrons with a metal target in an x-ray tube?
X-Radiation
What is a critical instrument?
a) instruments are used often during a dental procedure
b) instruments used to penetrate soft tissue and bone
c) instruments that contact but do not penetrate soft tissue or bone
d) instruments or devices that do not come in contact with mucous membranes
b) instruments used to penetrate soft tissue and bone
Non-verbal communication is expressed through:
a) posture, body movement, eye contact, facial expressions
b) developing a trusting relationship with the client
c) listening to the clients concerns and paraphrasing the information received
d) displaying proper manners
a) posture, body movement, eye contact, facial expressions
Digital imaging has no film or film processing chemical are required
A. True B. False
A. True
Which appears most radiopaque on a dental image?
a. bone
b. enamel
c. dentin
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Foreshortening of a radiograph is caused from which of the following:
a) too much vertical angulation
b) too little vertical angulation
c) too much horizontal angulation
d) too little horizontal angulation
a) too much vertical angulation
The stepwedge is used for all of the following except:
a. to demonstrate short-scale and long-scale contrast
b. to monitor quality control of lm processing
c. to increase the penetrating quality of the x-ray beam
d. to demonstrate densities
c. to increase the penetrating quality of the x-ray beam
When placing the film intraorally, the black part of the film packet should face:
a) parallel with the ground
b) the client’s tongue
c) the PID
d) any orientation
c) the PID
The stepwedge is used for all of the following except:
a. to demonstrate short-scale and long-scale contrast
b. to monitor quality control of lm processing
c. to increase the penetrating quality of the x-ray beam
d. to demonstrate densities
c. to increase the penetrating quality of the x-ray beam
What is the patient positioning error when the panoramic radiograph has a revered smile line (curved downwards)?
a) client is sad
b) client’s chin is tipped up
c) client’s chin is tipped down
d) client is slouching
b) client’s chin is tipped up
What is the proper sequence of radiation injury?
a) period of injury, latent period, recovery period.
b) period of injury, recovery period, latent period.
c) latent period, period of recovery, and period of injury
d) latent period, period of injury, and period of recovery.
d) latent period, period of injury, and period of recovery
What will happen if white light went into darkoom?
A. Overfixed films
B. film appear white line
C. film fogging
D. underfixed film
C. film fogging
A higher kilovoltage produces x-rays with:
a. greater energy levels
b. shorter wavelengths
c. more penetrating ability
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Which of the following error(s) are common with the bite-wing technique?
a) 1/8” inadequate occlusal edge space
b) cone-cut
c) overlapped contacts
d) damaged film
e) b and c
g) a, b and d
e) b and c
Identify the unit of measurement used to describe the amount of electric current in an x-ray tube:
a. volt
b. ampere
c. kilovoltage
d. force
b. ampere
Which is not a type of particulate radiation?
A.alpha particles
B.Beta particles
C.protons
D.Nucleons
D. Nucleons
Identify the kilovoltage range for current dental x-ray machines:
a. 50 to 60kV
b. 60 to 70kV
C.70 to 100kV
d. greater than 100 kV
b. 60 to 70kV
______the gray-scale is reversed so that radiolucent images appear white and radiopaque images appear black
A. Direct digital imaging
B. Indirect digital imaging
C. Digital subtraction
D. X-ray time
C. Digital subtraction
What are critical organs in dentistry?
a) kidney, liver, heart, esophagus
b) thyroid gland, bone marrow, skin, lens of eye
c) immature cells, lymphocytes, reproductive cells, nerve tissue
d) cartilage, nerve tissue, salivary glands, mucosa.
b) thyroid gland, bone marrow, skin, lens of eye
What is the most radiosensitive cell?
a) epithelial tissue
b) small lymphocyte
c) bone marrow
d) nerve tissue
b) small lymphocyte (the small lymphocyte is the most sensitive to radiation because of its high mitotic activity and metabolism)
Stochastic effects occur as a direct function of dose, and does not have a threshold (1). An example of stochastic effects would be skin erythema, hair loss, and cataract formation (2).
a) both statements are true
b) the first statement is true, the second statement is false.
c) both statements are false
d) the first statement is false, the second statement is true
b) the first statement is true, the second statement is false. An example of stochastic effects would be leukemia or other cancers. Only non-stochastic affects would result in skin erythema, hair loss, and cataract formation because it has a threshold and the severity increases with increased absorbed dose.